Which statement most accurately describes Pascal's law?
2 answers:
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Answer:
slenderness ratio = 147.8
buckling load = 13.62 kips
Explanation:
Given data:
outside diameter is 3.50 inc
wall thickness 0.30 inc
length of column is 14 ft
E = 10,000 ksi
moment of inertia
Area
r = 1.136 in
slenderness ratio
buckling load
Answer:
1) q=18414.93 W
2) C=12920$
Explanation:
Given data:
pipe length L=25m
pipe diameter D=100mm =0.1 m
air temperature =
=25
°C.....= 298.15k
pipe surface temp =150
°C.....=423.15k
surface emissivity e= 0.8
boiler efficiency η=0.90
natural gas price Cg=$0.02 per MJ
1) Total heat loss and radiation heat loss combined
q=
q=б(
^4-
^4)]....... (1)
б=5.67×10^-8 W/m^2K^4 (boltzmann constant)
area A =L.Dπ=25×0.1π=7.85 m^2
putting all these values in eq (1)
q=18414.93 W
2) suppose boiler is operating non stop annual energy loss will be
E=q.t
=18414.93.3600.24.365
=5.81×10^11 J
to find furnace energy consumption
Ef =E/η
=6.46×10^5 MJ
annual cost
C=Cg. Ef
=12920$