Answer:
An atmosphere is the layers of gases surrounding a planet or other celestial body. Earth's atmosphere is composed of about 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and one percent other gases
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Answer</h2>
Causality means reason behind the process
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Explanation</h2>
In the scientific inquiries, scientists perform different activities with the help of previous knowledge and scientific ways to renew the knowledge or discover the new ideas. It is a common belief that in every process that is happening in nature have many functions and reasons behind it. Scientists are always in the struggle to find these reasons and their importance regarding their happenings. When the scientists are in hurry to know about the causality, it means they are helping the scientific knowledge with the discovery of new reasons for happens.
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Momentum, p = m.v
m of the girl = 60.0 kg
m of the boat = 180 kg
v of the girl = 4.0 m/s
A) Momentum of the girl as she is diving:
p = m.v = 60.0 kg * 4.0 m/s = 24.0 N/s
B) momentum of the raft = - momentum of the girl = -24.0 N/s
C) speed of the raft
p = m.v ; v = p/m = 24.0N/s / 180 kg = -0.13 m/s [i.e. in the opposite direction of the girl's velocity]
Your question kind of petered out there towards the end and you didn't specify
the terms, so I'll pick my own.
The "Hubble Constant" hasn't yet been pinned down precisely, so let's pick a
round number that's in the neighborhood of the last 20 years of measurements:
<em>70 km per second per megaparsec</em>.
We'll also need to know that 1 parsec = about 3.262 light years.
So the speed of your receding galaxy is
(Distance in LY) x (1 megaparsec / 3,262,000 LY) x (70 km/sec-mpsc) =
(150 million) x (1 / 3,262,000) x (70 km/sec) =
<em>3,219 km/sec </em>in the direction away from us (rounded)
