Answer:

Explanation:
In the question given :
Pressure is constant
Therefore, Work done, 
Pressure, P=1.01 × 105 Pa.
Final volume, 
Initial volume, 
Therefore, W=8.58\times 10^{5}\ J.
Also, Heat Given, 
Also, according to First law of thermodynamics:

Hence, this is the required solution.
Answer:
Objects with mass exert forces on each other via the force of gravity. This force is proportional to the mass of the two interacting objects, and is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. The factors G, M, and r are the same for all masses at the surface of the Earth.
The formula to find the kinetic energy is:
Ek= 1/2 × m × v^2
1. Ek= 1/2×15×3^2
= 67.5 J
2.Ek= 1/2×8×4^2
=64 J
3.Ek= 1/2×12×5^2
= 150 J
4.Ek= 1/2×10×6^2
= 180 J
So the fourth dog has the most kinetic energy.