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Stels [109]
3 years ago
10

In most cases of fischer esterification, the carboxylic acid is the more "valuable" piece and the alcohol is used in excess. let

's say you are making the ethyl ester of an acid and use the ethanol in excess. what technique would be used to remove the excess ethanol?
Chemistry
1 answer:
Daniel [21]3 years ago
4 0
There are a lot of separation processes. To name a few, these can be distillation, centrifugation, extraction, membrane or sorption process and many other. To know which is the best technique, you should know the property between two substances that have a stark difference. In this case, it is the polarity. Ethyl alcohol is more polar than ethyl ester and less dense. Thus, these two won't mix. So, take advantage of their density difference by decantation or centrifugation.
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Consider the market for paper. Let market demand be given by inverse demand function P d (Q) = 60 − Q, where Q is tons of paper
MakcuM [25]

Answer:

See explaination

Explanation:

Demand for paper is given below:

P(Q)=60-Q,

Number of paper mills=20

The cost curve for firm is given below:

C(Q)=10Q2

The external cost in terms of pollution down river by production of paper is given below:

EC(Q)=10Q2

a. The optimal level of paper production by market can be calcuated by equating MC=P

20Q=P

Q=P/20

b. The optimal level of paper production by market can be calcuated by equating MC=P.

MC=20Q

60-(20Q)=20Q

Q=60/40

Q=1.5

Total quanity by 20 firms will be 1.5*20=30

c. The socially efficient level of paper output is calcuated below:

MC+EC'=20Q+20Q

60-(20Q)=40Q

Q=60/60

Q=1

Total quanity by 20 firms will be 1*20=20

The price will be P=60-20=40

d, The deadweight loss occurs as market price increases and quantity decreases due to the external cost . The deadweight loss is calcuated below:

DWL=(1/2)*change in price* change in quantity

=(1/2)*10*10=50

e. 20 firms merged into one firm to make monopoly firm. The cost function for the monopoly is given below:

Cm(Q)=20*10(Q/20)2

The marginal cost for the monopoly firm will be

MCm=Q

The marginal revenue for the firm is 60-2Q

For optimal output MR is equated to MC

60-2Q=Q

Q=20

P=40.

The monopoly outcome is below the perfect competition outcome and price is higher in comparison to perfect competition. The monopoly outcome is same as socially efficient outcome.

The total surplus for this outcome is sum of consumer surplus and producer surplus and subtraction of external cost

TS=CS+PS-EC

=(1/2)*20*20+(1/2)*40*20-10(20)2

=600-4000=-3400

Due to the external effects the total surplus to the society is negative. In perfect competition this effect is not considered and output produced is high therefore, the external cost will be higher with higher output leading to higher negative social surplus. Generally the monopoly outcome reduces the total social surplus but in case of externality, the monopoly total surplus is higher than the perfect competition.

3 0
3 years ago
When heated solid silver oxide decomposes into its elements
ollegr [7]
Hi!

When Silver Oxide (Ag20) is heated, it decomposes into Silver and Oxygen.
5 0
3 years ago
How many molecules are in 120 grams of Na2SO4
brilliants [131]

3.06 × 10^23 molecules

5 0
3 years ago
A conversion factor set up correctly to convert 15 inches to cm is _______.
sleet_krkn [62]

Answer:

e is the correct one , hope I helped u

6 0
3 years ago
How many grams of NH3 can be produced from 12.0g of H2?
RSB [31]

Answer:

Balanced reaction:

3 H2 (g)  + N2 (g)  → 2 NH3 (g)

Use stoichiometry to convert g of H2 to g of NH3.  The process would be:

g H2 → mol H2 → mol NH3 → g NH3

12.0 g H2 x (1 mol H2 / 2.02 g H2) x (2 mol NH3 / 3 mol H2) x (17.03 g NH3 / 1 mol NH3) = 67.4 g NH3

Explanation: See above

Hope this helps, friend.

8 0
2 years ago
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