Answer
given,
wavelength (λ) = 650 nm
angle = 5°
using bragg's law
d = 7.46 x 10⁻⁴ cm
number of slits per centimeter
=
b) wavelength of two rays 650 nm and 420 nm
d = 2 x 10⁻6 m
we now,
for 650 nm
θ = 40.54°
for 450 nm
θ = 24.83°
now, difference
|θ_{650} -θ_{420}| =40.54°-24.83°
|θ_{650} -θ_{420}| =19.71°
The Newton's second law and kinematics allows to find the result of the error when placing the masses in the car is:
Newton's second law gives a relationship between the net force, mass and acceleration of the body
F = ma
a =
Where F is the force, m the mass and the acceleration
Kinematics studies the motion of bodies, looking for relationships between position, velocity, and acceleration.
x = v₀ t + ½ a t²
In the experiment, the position and time of the car are measured, starting from rest in each experiment.
x = ½ a t²
Let's substitute
x = ½ ( ) t²
This is the equation that the students should graph, a graph of the position versus time squared can be made to obtain a line.
The slope of the line is the acceleration of the car, which is related to the force that is the weight of the hanging mass.
When the student makes the mistake of placing the mass on the car, the acceleration decreases therefore in a graph the position values are smaller for each time.
The linearity of the graph is maintained, but when calculating the slope it gives lower values.
In conclusion using Newton's second law and kinematics we can find the result of the error when placing the masses on the car is:
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