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Monica [59]
3 years ago
13

How many atoms of hydrogen are present in 2.92 g of water?

Chemistry
2 answers:
Fantom [35]3 years ago
5 0

\boxed{1.954\times 10^{23}\text{ atoms}}of hydrogen are present in 2.92 g of {{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}} .

Further Explanation:

In {{\text{H}}_2}{\text{O}} , both hydrogen and oxygen are non-metals. Oxygen has six valence electrons whereas hydrogen has only one valence electron. Both share two electrons with each other and two covalent bonds are formed between oxygen and two hydrogen atoms. This bond is formed due to sharing of the electrons and therefore {{\text{H}}_2}{\text{O}} is a covalent compound.

{{\text{H}}_2}{\text{O}} is a covalent compound. So 1 mole of {{\text{H}}_2}{\text{O}} contains 1 mole of oxygen and 2 moles of hydrogen.  

The formula to calculate the moles of water is s follows:  

{\text{Moles of }}{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}=\frac{{{\text{Given mass of }}{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}}}{{{\text{Molar mass of }}{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}}} .......(1)

The given mass of water is 2.92 g.  

The molar mass of water is 18 g/mol.  

Substitute these values in equation (1)

\begin{aligned}{\text{Moles of }}{{\text{H}}_2}{\text{O}}&= \left({2.92\;{\text{g}}} \right)\left({\frac{{1\;{\text{mol}}}}{{18\;{\text{g}}}}}\right)\\&={\mathbf{0}}{\mathbf{.1622}}\;{\mathbf{mol}}\\\end{aligned}

The number of molecules in 1 mol of {{\text{H}}_2}{\text{O}} is 6.022 \times {10^{23}} .

So the number of molecules in 0.1622 mol of {{\text{H}}_2}{\text{O}} is calculated as follows:

\begin{aligned}{\text{Number of water molecules}} &= \left( {0.1622\;{\text{mol}}} \right)\left({\frac{{6.022 \times {{10}^{23}}\;{\text{molecules}}}}{{1\;{\text{mol}}}}} \right)\\&={\mathbf{0}}{\mathbf{.9768 \times 1}}{{\mathbf{0}}^{{\mathbf{23}}}}\;{\mathbf{molecules}}\\\end{aligned}

Each molecule of {{\text{H}}_2}{\text{O}} has 2 atoms of hydrogen.

So the number of hydrogen atoms in 0.9768 \times {10^{23}}\;{\text{molecules}} of water is calculated as follows;

\begin{aligned}{\text{Number of atoms of hydrogen}}&=\left({\frac{{2\;{\text{atoms}}}}{{1\;{\text{molecule}}}}}\right)\times\left( {0.9768 \times {{10}^{23}}{\text{molecules}}}\right)\\&=1.954\times {10^{23}}\;{\text{atoms}}\\\end{aligned}

\mathbf{1.954}\mathbf{\times}\mathbf{10^{23}}\textbf{ atoms} of hydrogen are present in 2.92 g of {{\mathbf{H}}_{\mathbf{2}}}{\mathbf{O}}.

Learn more:  

1. Identification of ionic bonding: brainly.com/question/1603987  

2. Which is a covalent compound? brainly.com/question/2083444  

Answer details:

Grade: Senior School  

Subject: Chemistry  

Chapter: Mole concept  

Keywords: H2O, covalent compound, molar mass, atoms, hydrogen, 18 g/mol, valence electrons, 2.92 g, moles, given mass.  

Wittaler [7]3 years ago
3 0
The molecular weight of water is <span>18.01528 g/mol.
So in 2.92 grams there are 2.92/</span>18.01528 = 0.1621 mol of particles.

1 mol contains 6,02214 × 10^<span>23 particles by definition.

So the nr of H2O molecules is </span>0.1621 * 6,02214 × 10^23 = 0,9761 × 10^23.

Every molecule has 2 H atoms, so you have to double that.

2* 0,9761 × 10^23 = 1.952 × 10^23.
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Match the prefixes. 1. 1 hex- 2. 2 eth- 3. 3 prop- 4. 4 hept- 5. 5 non- 6. 6 dec- 7. 7 pent- 8. 8 but- 9. 9 meth- 10. 10 oct-
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Hi!

All these prefixes are commonly employed in the nomenclature in organic chemistry. These are associated with organic compounds, such as alkanes, alkenes, alcohols and carboxylic acids -and these prefixes are known as word root.

<h3>The answers would be:</h3><h3>a) 1 - meth</h3>

Meth is associated with the number one, in that it signifies the presence of one carbon in the compound in concern. For instance, a one carbon alkane would be known as methane -with <em>ane </em>being indicative of the compound being an alkane, and meth denoting the presence of one carbon

<h3>b) 2 - eth</h3>

Eth is the associated prefix with the number 2 as it denotes the presence of 2 carbon atoms in the compound. For instance, the compound ethene gets it name for having 2 carbon atoms (denoted by eth). The eth acts as a prefix to the characteristic <em>ene</em> of alkenes.

<h3>c) 3 - prop</h3>

Prop is the prefix that signifies the presence of 3 carbons in the compound in concern. For instance, propanol is a three carbon alcohol, which we can tell by the name. Prop indicating three carbons in the compound, and <em>anol</em> being indicative of the compound being an alcohol.

<h3>d) 4 - but</h3>

But is associated with the number one, in that it denotes the presence of 4 carbons in the compound. For instance, a 4 carbon carboxylic acid would be known as butanoic acid -with anoic<em> </em>being indicative of the compound being a carboxylic acid, and but signifying the presence of four carbons.

<h3>e) 5 - pent</h3>

Pent is the associated prefix with the number five as it denotes the presence of five carbon atoms in the compound. For instance, the compound pentene gets it name for having five carbon atoms (denoted by pent). The pent acts as a prefix to the characteristic <em>ene</em> of alkenes.

<h3>f) 6 - hex</h3>

Hex is the prefix that signifies the presence of six carbons in the compound in question. For instance, a six carbon alkane would be known as hexane -with <em>ane </em>being indicative of the compound being an alkane, and hex denoting the presence of one carbon

<h3>g) 7 - hept</h3>

Hept is the associated prefix with the number seven as it denotes the presence of seven carbon atoms in the compound. For instance, the compound heptene gets it name for having seven carbon atoms (denoted by hept). The hept acts as a prefix to the characteristic <em>ene</em> of alkenes.

<h3>h) 8 - oct</h3>

Oct is the prefix that is associated with the number 8. This is because it denotes the presence of eight carbon atoms in the compound. For instance, the compound octane gets it name for having eight carbon atoms (denoted by oct). The oct acts as a prefix to the characteristic <em>ane</em> of alkanes.

<h3>i) 9 - non</h3>

Non is the prefix that is associated with the number nine, and thus denotes the presence of nine carbon atoms in the compound. For instance, for alkanes, a nonane would be a nine carbon atom alkane, with non denoting the presence of nine carbon atoms, and <em>ane</em> being indicative that the compound it an alkane.

<h3>j) 10- dec</h3>

Dec is the prefix that is associated with the number nine, and thus denotes the presence of nine carbon atoms in the compound. For instance, for alkanes, a decane would be an alkane with ten carbon atoms, with dec denoting the presence of ten carbon atoms, and <em>ane</em> being indicative that the compound it an alkane.

<h3>Hope this helps!</h3>
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