Answer:
See detailed answer with explanation below.
Explanation:
Valence electrons are electrons found on the outermost shell of an atom. They are the electrons in an atom that participate in chemical combination. Recall that the outermost shell of an atom is also referred to as its valence shell. Let us consider an example; if we look at the atom, sodium-11, its electronic configuration is 2,8,1. The last one electron is the valence electron of sodium which is found in its outermost or valence shell.
Positive ions are formed when electrons are lost from the valence shell of an atom. For instance, if the outermost electron in sodium is lost, we now form the sodium ion Na^+ which is a positive ion. Positive ions possess less number of electrons compared to their corresponding atoms.
Negative ions are formed when one or more electrons is added to the valence shell of an atom. A negative ion possesses more electrons than its corresponding atom. For example, chlorine(Cl) contains 17 electrons but the chloride ion (Cl^-) contains 18 electrons.
In molecular compounds, a bond is formed when two electrons are shared between the bonding atoms. Each bonding atom may contribute one of the shared electrons (ordinary covalent bond) or one of the bonding atoms may provide the both shared electrons (coordinate covalent bond). The shared pair may be located at an equidistant position to the nucleus of both atoms. Similarly, the electron may be drawn closer to the nucleus of one atom than the other (polar covalent bond) depending on the electro negativity of the two bonding atoms.
The electrons are shared in order to complete the octet of each atom by so doing, the both bonding atoms now obey the octet rule. For example, two chlorine atoms may come together to form a covalent bond in which each chlorine atom has an octet of electrons on its outermost shell.
Answer:
Temp decreased
Explanation:
If the container is sealed and the pressure DEcreases, then the temperature DEcreased
PV = n RT n R V are constant if P goes down then so does T
The amount of oxygen that are produced when 1.06 grams of potassium chlorate decompose completely is 0.64 grams.
<h3>What is the relation between mass & moles?</h3>
Relation between the mass and moles of any substance will be represented as:
- n = W/M, where
- W = given mass
- M = molar mass
Moles of potassium chlorate = 1.66g / 122.5g/mol = 0.0135mole
Given chemical reaction is:
2KClO₃ → 2KCl + 3O₂
From the stoichiometry of the reaction, it is clear that:
2 moles of KClO₃ = produces 3 moles of O₂
0.0135 moles of KClO₃ = produces (3/2)(0.0135)=0.02 moles of O₂
Mass of oxygen = (0.02mol)(32g/mol) = 0.64 g
Hence produced mass of oxygen is 0.64 grams.
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