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VladimirAG [237]
3 years ago
11

Match the situation with the energy transformation ITEMBANK: Move to Top A boy shooting a rubber band across the classroom A chi

ld going down a slide on a playground Rubbing your hands together to warm them on a cold day Turning on a battery operated light Using a dc electric motor Using a gas power heater to warm a room Using a hand crank generator to produce electric current Using the light in your room that is plugged into the wall Chemical potential energy transformed into radiant energy Gravitational potential energy transformed into kinetic energy Elastic potential energy transformed into kinetic energy Chemical potential energy transformed into thermal energy Electrical energy transformed into radiant energy Kinetic energy being transformed into thermal energy Electrical energy transformed into kinetic energy
Physics
1 answer:
Sonbull [250]3 years ago
3 0
A boy shooting a rubber band across the classroom --> 
Elastic potential energy transformed into kinetic energy 
<span>The initial energy is the energy stored in the muscles of the boy's arm, which is elastic potential energy. This is converted into motion of the rubber, therefore kinetic energy

A child going down a slide on a playground --> </span>Gravitational potential energy transformed into kinetic energy 
On top of the slide, all the energy of the child is gravitational potential energy due to its height with respect to the ground (E=mgh). when it moves down the slide, this is converted into kinetic energy, because the child acquires a speed v (E=1/2 mv^2)
<span>
Rubbing your hands together to warm them on a cold day --> </span>Kinetic energy being transformed into thermal energy <span>
When rubbing hands, we are moving them (kinetic energy), and this energy raises the temperature of the hand's surface (thermal energy)

Turning on a battery operated light --> </span>
Chemical potential energy transformed into radiant energy <span>
A battery works by mean of chemical reactions (chemical potential energy), producing light (so, emitting energy by radiation, i.e. radiant energy)

Using a dc electric motor --> </span> Electrical energy transformed into kinetic energy<span>
A dc electric motor works using  currents (so, electrical energy), and the energy produced can be used for example to accelerate a car (kinetic energy)

Using a gas power heater to warm a room --> </span>Chemical potential energy transformed into thermal energy 
<span>A gas power heater burns gases (so, chemical reaction, i.e. chemical potential energy) to raise the temperature of the room (thermal energy)

Using a hand crank generator to produce electric current --> Kinetic energy transformed into electrical energy
In a hand-crank generator, the handle is being rotated (kinetic energy) in order to produce an electric current (electrical energy)

Using the light in your room that is plugged into the wall --> </span>Electrical energy transformed into radiant energy  
<span>The lamp works by using electrical current flowing into a resistor (electrical energy) and it produces light, so it emits energy by electromagnetic radiation (radiant energy)




</span> <span>

</span>
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Taking into account the definition of kinetic, potencial and mechanical energy, when the brick hits the ground, it has a speed of 7,668 m/s.

<h3>Kinetic energy</h3>

Kinetic energy is a form of energy. It is defined as the energy associated with bodies that are in motion and this energy depends on the mass and speed of the body.

Kinetic energy is defined as the amount of work necessary to accelerate a body of a given mass and at rest, until it reaches a given speed. Once this point is reached, the amount of accumulated kinetic energy will remain the same unless there is a change in speed or the body returns to its state of rest by applying a force.

The kinetic energy is represented by the following expression:

Ec= ½ mv²

Where:

  • Ec is the kinetic energy, which is measured in Joules (J).
  • m is the mass measured in kilograms (kg).
  • v is the speed measured in meters over seconds (m/s).

<h3>Potential energy</h3>

On the other hand, potential energy is the energy that measures the ability of a system to perform work based on its position. In other words, this is the energy that a body has at a certain height above the ground.

Gravitational potential energy is the energy associated with the gravitational force. This will depend on the relative height of an object to some reference point, the mass, and the force of gravity.

So for an object with mass m, at height h, the expression applied to the gravitational energy of the object is:

Ep= m×g×h

Where:

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  • m is the mass in kilograms (kg).
  • h is the height in meters (m).
  • g is the acceleration of fall in m/s².
<h3>Mechanical energy</h3>

Finally, mechanical energy is that which a body or a system obtains as a result of the speed of its movement or its specific position, and which is capable of producing mechanical work. Then:

Potential energy + kinetic energy = total mechanical energy

<h3>Principle of conservation of mechanical energy </h3>

The principle of conservation of mechanical energy indicates that the mechanical energy of a body remains constant when all the forces acting on it are conservative (a force is conservative when the work it does on a body depends only on the initial and final points and not the path taken to get from one to the other.)

Therefore, if the potential energy decreases, the kinetic energy will increase. In the same way, if the kinetics decreases, the potential energy will increase.

<h3>This case</h3>

A brick of mass 5 kg is released from rest at a height of 3 m. Then, at this height, the brick of mass has no speed, so the kinetic energy has a value of zero because it depends on the speed or moving bodies. But the potential energy is calculated as:

Ep= 5 kg× 9.8 \frac{m}{s^{2} }× 3 m

Solving:

<u><em>Ep= 147 J</em></u>

So, the mechanical energy is calculated as:

Potential energy + kinetic energy = total mechanical energy

147 J +  0 J= total mechanical energy

147 J= total mechanical energy

The principle of conservation of mechanical energy  can be applied in this case. Then, when the brick hits the ground, the mechanical energy is 147 J. In this case, considering that the height is 0 m, the potential energy is zero because this energy depends on the relative height of the object. But the object has speed, so it will have kinetic energy. Then:

Potential energy + kinetic energy = total mechanical energy

0 J +  kinetic energy= 147 J

kinetic energy= 147 J

Considering the definition of kinetic energy:

½  5 kg×v²= 147 J

v=\sqrt{\frac{2x147 J}{5 kg} }

v=7.668 m/s

Finally, when the brick hits the ground, it has a speed of 7,668 m/s.

Learn more about mechanical energy:

brainly.com/question/17809741

brainly.com/question/14567080

brainly.com/question/12784057

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brainly.com/question/11962904

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