Answer:
All of them affect the DNA
Explanation:
Chemicals are compounds that can pass through cell membranes and modificate the DNA, elevated temperatures can denaturalize the cell and therefore damage the DNA, ionizing radiation can pass through cell organelles and reach the nucleus affecting the DNA, and viruses inject its DNA into the genome and modify it.
Vanillin is the common name for 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzaldehyde.
See attached figure for the structure.
Vanillin have 3 functional groups:
1) aldehyde group: R-HC=O, in which the carbon is double bonded to oxygen
2) phenolic hydroxide group: R-OH, were the hydroxyl group is bounded to a carbon from the benzene ring
3) ether group: R-O-R, were hydrogen is bounded through sigma bonds to carbons
Now for the hybridization we have:
The carbon atoms involved in the benzene ring and the red carbon atom (from the aldehyde group) have a <u>sp²</u> hybridization because they are involved in double bonds.
The carbon atom from the methoxy group (R-O-CH₃) and the blue oxygen's have a <u>sp³</u> hybridization because they are involved only in single bonds.
Answer:
Explanation:according to question:
. Nacl (aq) + AgNO3 (aq) --> AgCl
(s) + NaNO3 (aq).balanced.
<span>The number next to the simbol of the element ions (as a superscript) means the number of charges of the ion. For example N (+),, where (+) is a superscript means that the charge of the ion is 1+. S(2-), where (2-) is a superscript, means that the charge of the ion is (2-). OH (-), where (-) is a superscript, means that the charge of OH ion is (1-) . </span>
Answer:

Explanation:
Given :
Mass of a bar of lead = 115.2 g
Initial water level
= 25 mL
Final water level
= 35.5 mL
Difference in the water level = 35.5 - 25
= 10.5 mL
= 
We know that when a body is submerged in water, it displaces its own volume of water.
Therefore, the volume of the lead bar = volume of the water displaced = 10.5 mL = 
We know that mathematically, density is the ratio of mass of body to its volume.
Density of the lead bar is given by :


= 