A copper-constantan thermocouple is to be used to measure temperatures between 0 and 200°C. The e.m.f. at 0°C is 0 mV, at 100°C
it is 4.277 mV and at 200°C it is 9.286 mV. What will be the non-linearity error at 100°C as a percentage of the full range output if a linear relationship is assumed between e.m.f. and temperature over the full range?
1 answer:
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Answer:
78 MPa
Explanation:
Given that the critical resolved shear stress for a metal is 39 MPa, the maximum possible yield strength for a single crystal of this metal is twice the critical resolved shear stress for the metal. The maximum yield yield strength for a single crystal of this metal that is pulled in tension () is given as:
Answer:
0.0406 m/s
Explanation:
Given:
Diameter of the tube, D = 25 mm = 0.025 m
cross-sectional area of the tube = (π/4)D² = (π/4)(0.025)² = 4.9 × 10⁻⁴ m²
Mass flow rate = 0.01 kg/s
Now,
the mass flow rate is given as:
mass flow rate = ρAV
where,
ρ is the density of the water = 1000 kg/m³
A is the area of cross-section of the pipe
V is the average velocity through the pipe
thus,
0.01 = 1000 × 4.9 × 10⁻⁴ × V
or
V = 0.0203 m/s
also,
Reynold's number, Re =
where,
ν is the kinematic viscosity of the water = 0.833 × 10⁻⁶ m²/s
thus,
Re =
or
Re = 611.39 < 2000
thus,
the flow is laminar
hence,
the maximum velocity = 2 × average velocity = 2 × 0.0203 m/s
or
maximum velocity = 0.0406 m/s