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Mice21 [21]
1 year ago
10

Why is the back-work ratio much higher in the brayton cycle than in the rankine cycle?

Engineering
1 answer:
zloy xaker [14]1 year ago
4 0

The back-work ratio much higher in the Brayton cycle than in the Rankine cycle because a gas cycle is the Brayton cycle, while a steam cycle is the Rankine cycle. Particularly, the creation of water droplets will be a constraint on the steam turbine's efficiency. Since gas has a bigger specific volume than steam, the compressor will have to work harder while using gas.

<h3>What are modern Brayton engines?</h3>

Even originally Brayton exclusively produced piston engines, modern Brayton engines are virtually invariably of the turbine variety. Brayton engines are also gas turbines.

<h3>What is the ranking cycle?</h3>

A gas cycle is the Brayton cycle, while the Ranking cycle is a steam cycle. The production of water droplets will especially decrease the steam turbine's performance. Gas-powered compressors will have to do more work since gas's specific volume is greater than steam's.

Th

To know more about Rankine cycle, visit: brainly.com/question/13040242

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Which of the following would most likely be operated by a sequential control system?
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what are three things that we would need and unlimiated amount of for all of us to obtain everything that we want?
Elanso [62]
Unlimited wants is an economic term that refers to humans’ insatiable appetite for things. We never get enough because there is always something else that we need or want. The term ‘unlimited wants’ is the side of human nature that wants an infinite number of things. However, the resources we have available to get these wants are limited.

There are two halves of scarcity that have plagued us ever since we first set foot on this Earth:

Limited resources.
Unlimited wants.
The Economics of Seinfeld says the following regarding the term:

“Unlimited wants essentially mean that people never get enough, that there is always something else that they would like to have.”

“When combined with limited resources, unlimited wants result in the fundamental problem of scarcity.”

Unlimited wants – limited resources

What we want and need has no limit, i.e., it is infinite. However, what we can afford is finite, i.e., it has a limit. This is a basic condition of human existence.

We are never completely satisfied with everything we consume. We consume a variety of goods and services, but they are never enough.

In other words, there is always something else that I, you, or anybody else would want or need.

The term applies to all socioeconomic groups. Low-income groups have limited resources, and their wants always exceed those resources. However, the same happens with middle-income and upper-income groups. They never feel they have enough.

The reason is a very simple one. Every income group’s resources are finite. However, unlimited want is a feature of every human.

Put simply; our wants and needs are infinite, but our wealth is not.

The economic problem – unlimited wants

‘The economic problem‘ is a term that economists use. It states that the finite resources of an economy are not enough to satisfy all our wants and needs. We also call it ‘the central economic problem‘ or ‘the basic economic problem.’

The main question we ask when considering ‘the economic problem’ is: “How do we satisfy unlimited wants with limited resources?”

As we cannot produce everything, we have to prioritize. We must decide what to produce, how to produce it, and how much to produce. We must also determine for whom to produce.

Human wants are constant and infinite, but the resources to satisfy them are finite. The resources cannot exceed the amount of human and natural resources available.

We produce things that we know people want, as long as we have the resources to make them. How strong or weak demand is determines how much we charge for those things. It also determines how much we produce (supply).

In other words, markets fores, i.e., the forces of supply and demand, in a free market economy, determine prices.

Wants vs. needs

Needs are things without which we cannot survive. Wants are things we desire. However, we can survive without those wants.

Food, water, and housing, for example, are needs. Clothing is also a need. Without food or water, we would die. We would probably die too without housing. In cold countries, we would not survive without clothing.

A nice car, smartphone, and vacation by the beach are wants. If I don’t have a nice car, I will still live. If I don’t go to Cancun for my winter break, I won’t die. However, I want these things.

Fundamental needs are key in the function of the economy. Wants, however, are the driving forces that stimulate demand for things, i.e., demand for goods and services.

We can say either ‘unlimited wants’ or ‘unlimited wants and needs.’

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3 years ago
A stainless steel (AISI 304) tube used to transport a chilled pharmaceutical has an inner diameter of 36 mm and a wall thickness
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Answer:

a) heat gain per unit tube length = \frac{23-6}{1.35} = 12.6W/m

b) heat gain per unit tube length = \frac{23-6}{2.20} = 7.7W/m

Explanation:

Assumptions:

  1. Constant properties
  2. Steady state conditions
  3. Negligible effect of radiation
  4. Negligible constant resistance between tube and insulation
  5. one dimensional radial conduction

a) What is the heat gain per unit tube length

R_{conv,i}'=\frac{1}{2\pi r_1h_i}

d_1=36mm Therefore r_1=\frac{d_1}{2} =36/2=18mm=18*10^{-3}

r_2=2mm=2*10^{-3}m

k_{st}=14.2W/m.k

h_o=6W/m^2

h_i=400W/m^2

R_{conv,i}'=\frac{1}{2\pi * 1.8*10^{-3}*400}= 0.221m.K/W

R_{cond,st}'=\frac{ln(r_2/r_1)}{2\pi k_{st}} =\frac{ln(20/18)}{2\pi *14.2} =1.18*10^{-3}m.K/W

R_{conv,o}'=\frac{1}{2\pi r_2h_0}=\frac{1}{2\pi *2*10^{-3}*6}=1.33m.K/W

R_{tot}'=R_{conv,i}'+R_{cond,st}'+R_{conv,o}'=0.221+(1.18*10^{-3})+1.33=1.35m.K/W

heat gain per unit tube length = \frac{23-6}{1.35} = 12.6W/m

b) What is the heat gain per unit length if a 10-mm-thick layer of calcium silicate insulation (k_ins = 0.050 W/m.K) is applied to the tube

r_3=r_1+r_2+10mm=30mm=0.03m

R_{conv,i}' and R_{cond,st}' are the same, but R_{conv,o}' changes.

Therefore:

R_{conv,o}'=\frac{1}{2\pi r_3h_0} = \frac{1}{2\pi *0.03*6}=0.88m.K/W

R_{conv,ins}'=\frac{ln(r_3/r_)}{2\pi k_{ins}} =\frac{ln(30/20)}{2\pi *0.05} =1.29m.K/W

The total resistance R_{tot}'=R_{conv,i}'+R_{cond,st}'+R_{conv,ins}'+R_{conv,o}'=0.221+(1.18*10^{-3})+1.29+0.88=2.20m.K/W

heat gain per unit tube length = \frac{23-6}{2.20} = 7.7W/m

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