The net amount of energy produced can be obtained from a table of enthalpy change of formation, available online.
The enthalpy change of formation indicate how much energy the 1 mole of the product (H2O) has relative to the elemental reactants (H2 and O2). In other words, the "lost" energy equals the heat/energy released.
For water (H2O), this value is -285.8 if the final product is a liquid under standard conditions, and -241.82 if the product is in gas form which contains some energy that could be further released. This means that if the final product (H2O) is in liquid form, energy released is 285.8 kJ/mol.
Since water is in liquid form under standard conditions, the first value (285.8 kJ/mol) is generally appropriate.
The incoming and outgoing energy at the Earth’s surface must balance. Or in other words, the flow of energy into the atmosphere must be balanced by an equal flow of energy out of the atmosphere and back to space.<span>
Earth's Energy balance describes how the incoming energy from the sun is used and returned to space. All </span>of the energy entering earth’s atmosphere comes from the sun. Half of it is absorbed by the earth’s surface i.e. the land and oceans, 30% is directly reflected back to space by clouds and 20% is absorbed by the atmosphere and clouds.<span>Earth's </span>actual<span> average global temperature is around 14° C (57 F).</span>
Answer:
3.15 × 10⁻⁶ mol H₂/L.s
1.05 × 10⁻⁶ mol N₂/L.s
Explanation:
Step 1: Write the balanced equation
2 NH₃ ⇒ 3 H₂ + N₂
Step 2: Calculate the rate of production of H₂
The molar ratio of NH₃ to H₂ is 2:3. Given the rate of decomposition of NH₃ is 2.10 × 10⁻⁶ mol/L.s, the rate of production of H₂ is:
2.10 × 10⁻⁶ mol NH₃/L.s × 3 mol H₂/2 mol NH₃ = 3.15 × 10⁻⁶ mol H₂/L.s
Step 3: Calculate the rate of production of N₂
The molar ratio of NH₃ to N₂ is 2:1. Given the rate of decomposition of NH₃ is 2.10 × 10⁻⁶ mol/L.s, the rate of production of N₂ is:
2.10 × 10⁻⁶ mol NH₃/L.s × 1 mol N₂/2 mol NH₃ = 1.05 × 10⁻⁶ mol N₂/L.s
The empirical formula of a compound found to have 55.7% hafnium and 44.3% chlorine is HfCl4.
<h3>How to calculate empirical formula?</h3>
The empirical formula of a compound is a notation indicating the ratios of the various elements present in a compound, without regard to the actual numbers.
The empirical formula of the given compound can be calculated as follows:
- Hafnium = 55.7% = 55.7g
- Chlorine = 44.3% = 44.3g
First, we convert mass values to moles by dividing by the molar mass of each element
- Hafnium = 55.7g ÷ 178.49g/mol = 0.312mol
- Chlorine = 44.3g ÷ 35.5g/mol = 1.25mol
Next, we divide each mole value by the smallest
- Hafnium = 0.312 ÷ 0.312 = 1
- Chlorine = 1.25 ÷ 0.312 = 4
Therefore, the empirical formula of a compound found to have 55.7% hafnium and 44.3% chlorine is HfCl4.
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