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Shalnov [3]
3 years ago
15

To prevent hydroplaning, _____. A. slow down B. speed up C. deflate your tires D. use cruise control

Engineering
1 answer:
Oksana_A [137]3 years ago
7 0

<u>Answer:</u>

<em><u>a. slow down</u></em>

<u>Explanation:</u>

To properly answer this question, you must understand what hydroplaning is. Hydroplaning is essentially when a car begins to slide on a wet road and the driver cannot control the vehicle. This happens because of an overflow in water on the road which causes the tires to begin to skim on the surface of the water. Having a proper amount of tire tread, typically 5/23 inches deep or above, will reduce chances of a car hydroplaning on a wet surface.

<em>* note:</em>

<em>if you would like a better understanding of what hydroplaning looks like, there are videos on the internet you could watch that show real life footage of what it looks like when cars hydroplane. I recommend searching up 'car hydroplaning.'</em>

<em />

Now that we fully understand the question, let's examine each option individually and determine what is the best thing to do to prevent hydroplaning.

<em><u>option a</u></em>

<em><u>slow down</u></em>

<em><u /></em>

When a persons car begins to hydroplane, it may be going so fast that it becomes difficult to control. Therefore, slowing down to reduce the speed of the car would be your best bet to try and regain control.

<u><em>option b</em></u>

<u><em>speed up</em></u>

<u><em /></u>

Stepping on the accelerator will increase the speed of the car which will cause it continue to skim on the surface of the water. This may cause the driver to lose even more control of the vehicle.

<u><em>option c</em></u>

<u><em>deflate your tires</em></u>

<u><em /></u>

Deflating your tires would not be a very reliable option, as it can make you lose control even more. It is also not a guarantee that you would even be able to deflate your tires.

<u><em>option d</em></u>

<u><em>use cruise control</em></u>

<u><em /></u>

If you put your car on cruise control it can punctually cause you to lose more control and cause your car to increase more speed.

Now that we have gone through each option individually, we can determine that option a 'slow down' is the best thing to do to prevent hydroplaning.

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A driver is traveling at 90 km/h down a 3% grade on good, wet pavement. An accident
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Answer:

0.35

Explanation:

We resolve the component of the weight of the car along and perpendicular to the grade. We have mgsinФ and mgcosФ where Ф = angle of grade.

Now, the frictional force f = μN = μmgcosФ where μ = coefficient of friction

So, the net force along the grade is F = mgsinФ - μmgcosФ.

The work done by this force moving a distance, d along the grade is

W = (mgsinФ - μmgcosФ)d

This work equals the change in kinetic energy of the car. So ΔK = 1/2m(v₂² - v₁²) = W = (mgsinФ - μmgcosФ)d

1/2m(v₂² - v₁²) = (mgsinФ - μmgcosФ)d

1/2(v₂² - v₁²) = (gsinФ - μgcosФ)d

(v₂² - v₁²)/2d = (gsinФ - μgcosФ)

dividing through by gcosФ, we have

(v₂² - v₁²)/2dgcosФ = (gsinФ/gcosФ) - μgcosФ/gcosФ

(v₂² - v₁²)/2dgcosФ = tanФ -  μ

μ = tanФ - (v₂² - v₁²)/2dgcosФ

given that tanФ = 3% = 3/100 and 1 + tan²Ф = 1/cos²Ф, cosФ = 1/(√1 + tan²Ф) = 1/(√1 + (3/100)²) = 1/(√1 + (9/10000)) = 1/(√10000 + 9/10000) = 1/√(10009/10000) = 100/√10009 = 100/100.05 = 0.9995.

Also, given that v₁ = 90 km/h = 90 × 1000/3600 m/s = 25 m/s and v₂ = 45 km/h = 45 × 1000/3600 m/s = 12.5 m/s, d = 75 m and g = 9.8 m/s².

So, substituting the values of the variables into the equation, we have

μ = tanФ - (v₂² - v₁²)/2dgcosФ

μ = 3/100 - ((12.5 m/s)² - (25 m/s)²)/(2 × 75 m × 9.8 m/s² × 0.9995)

μ = 3/100 - ((156.25 m/s)² - (625 m/s)²)/1,469.265 m²/s²

μ = 3/100 - (-468.75 m²/s²)/1,469.265 m²/s²

μ = 3/100 + 468.75 m²/s²/1,469.265 m²/s²

μ = 0.03 + 0.32

μ = 0.35

So, theoretical friction  coefficient is 0.35

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