Answer:
Part 1)

Part 2)

Part 3)

Part 4)
Since torque on right side is more so here it will turn and slip over it
Explanation:
As we know that the block A is placed at distance
d = 50 cm from the hinge at 70 cm mark
So torque due to weight of A is given as

the block B is placed at distance
d = 30 cm from the hinge at 70 cm mark
So torque due to weight of B is given as

Now torque due to weight of the scale is given as


now torque on left side of scale is given as


Torque on right Side is given as

Since torque on right side is more so here it will turn and slip over it
The density of the nugget is
and is made of gold
Explanation:
The density of an object can be calculated as

where
d is the density
m is the mass
V is the volume of the object
We have to note that density of an object actually depends on the material the object is made of (therefore, two objects made of the same material can have different mass and different volume, but they have same density).
For the nugget in this problem, we have:
mass: m = 38 g
volume: 
So, its density is

And by looking at the table, we see that this value corresponds approximately to the density of gold, so the nugget is made of gold.
Learn more about density:
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Answer:
C. The decrease in speed as the wave approaches shore.
Explanation:
The waves break when approaching the shore because the depth decreases. Thus, the wave travels more slowly and increases its height. There comes a time when the part of the wave on the surface travels faster than the one that travels under water, the ridge destabilizes and falls against the ground.