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Alika [10]
3 years ago
12

At audio frequencies (below 20kHz), electromagnetic waves have very ____ wavelengths. The wavelength is typically much larger th

an the length of any of the wires in the circuit used. An exception would be long ____ or ____ lines. (hint: POTS and 60Hz). When wavelength is much shorter than the wire lengths, the basic rules of electronic circuits apply and ____ theory is not necessary.
Engineering
1 answer:
netineya [11]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

broad, transmission or power lines, electrical circuit theory

Explanation:

Electromagnetic waves have quite broad wavelengths for audio frequencies. Normally, the wavelength is larger than any of wires used in circuit. Long transmission or power line might be an exception. If the wavelength is much smaller than length of a wire, the basic principles of electronic circuits apply and the principle of electrical circuits is not needed

For wavelength much smaller than length of wire given, the given elements behave as distributed element, so for this condition Maxwell equation is apply

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Atmospheric air at 25 °C and 8 m/s flows over both surfaces of an isothermal (179C) flat plate that is 2.75m long. Determine the
vekshin1

Answer:

Re=100,000⇒Q=275.25 \frac{W}{m^2}

Re=500,000⇒Q=1,757.77\frac{W}{m^2}

Re=1,000,000⇒Q=3060.36 \frac{W}{m^2}

Explanation:

Given:

For air      T_∞=25°C  ,V=8 m/s

  For surface T_s=179°C

     L=2.75 m    ,b=3 m

We know that for flat plate

Re⇒Laminar flow

Re>30\times10^5⇒Turbulent flow

<u> Take Re=100,000:</u>

 So this is case of laminar flow

  Nu=0.664Re^{\frac{1}{2}}Pr^{\frac{1}{3}}

From standard air property table at 25°C

  Pr= is 0.71  ,K=26.24\times 10^{-3}

So    Nu=0.664\times 100,000^{\frac{1}{2}}\times 0.71^{\frac{1}{3}}

Nu=187.32   (\dfrac{hL}{K_{air}})

187.32=\dfrac{h\times2.75}{26.24\times 10^{-3}}

     ⇒h=1.78\frac{W}{m^2-K}

heat transfer rate =h(T_∞-T_s)

                           =275.25 \frac{W}{m^2}

<u> Take Re=500,000:</u>

So this is case of turbulent flow

  Nu=0.037Re^{\frac{4}{5}}Pr^{\frac{1}{3}}

Nu=0.037\times 500,000^{\frac{4}{5}}\times 0.71^{\frac{1}{3}}

Nu=1196.18  ⇒h=11.14 \frac{W}{m^2-K}

heat transfer rate =h(T_∞-T_s)

                             =11.14(179-25)

                           = 1,757.77\frac{W}{m^2}

<u> Take Re=1,000,000:</u>

So this is case of turbulent flow

  Nu=0.037Re^{\frac{4}{5}}Pr^{\frac{1}{3}}

Nu=0.037\times 1,000,000^{\frac{4}{5}}\times 0.71^{\frac{1}{3}}

Nu=2082.6  ⇒h=19.87 \frac{W}{m^2-K}

heat transfer rate =h(T_∞-T_s)

                             =19.87(179-25)

                           = 3060.36 \frac{W}{m^2}

7 0
3 years ago
Why is the reflection step in the engineering process the most important step?
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Answer:

What about it?

Explanation:

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