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alexandr1967 [171]
3 years ago
5

A sample of gas in a sealed container (fixed volume) is heated from room temperature to 80.0°C.

Chemistry
1 answer:
inna [77]3 years ago
8 0
Hello!

A) When the temperature inside the container increases, the pressure inside the container increases as well. 

An example for that is when you have an aerosol can and start heating it. The pressure of the gas inside the aerosol can will start to increase, and that would lead to the exploding of the can if heating is kept for too long. Bombs work on this principle too: The heat from the violent chemical reaction inside the closed compartment increase the pressure of the gases until the fragments are ejected at high velocities. 

B) The effect of temperature on the pressure of a gas illustrates Gay-Lussac's Law.

This law was formulated by the famous French chemist that gives it its name. It relates the expansion of a gas with the increase in temperature when the volume is left constant. The Gay-Lussac's Law can be expressed as follows, for the case of this exercise:

\frac{P1}{T1}= \frac{P2}{T2} \\ \\ P2= \frac{P1}{T1}*T2=P1* \frac{80 degC}{25degC}= P1*3,2

You can see that the factor that is multiplying P1 is higher than 1 for the case of heating from 25 °C to 80 °C, so the pressure will increase.

C) At a molecular level, when the temperature is raised the kinetic energy of the molecules inside the container will increase. This increase in the kinetic energy will cause the molecules to move faster, and to hit the walls of the container more often. This causes an increase in the pressure inside the container because there more hits means more force on the walls of the container, and that is the definition of pressure. 

Have a nice day!
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If 16.29 grams of Na2SO4 is mixed with 3.697 grams of C and allowed to react according to the balanced equation: Na2SO4(aq) + 4
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<u>Answer:</u> The limiting reagent in the given chemical reaction is carbon metal.

<u>Explanation:</u>

Excess reagent is defined as the reagent which is present in large amount in a chemical reaction.

Limiting reagent is defined as the reagent which is present in small amount in a chemical reaction. Formation of product depends on the limiting reagent.

To calculate the number of moles, we use the equation:

\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}      .....(1)

  • <u>For sodium sulfate:</u>

Given mass of sodium sulfate = 16.29 g

Molar mass of sodium sulfate = 142 g/mol

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

\text{Moles of sodium sulfate}=\frac{16.29g}{142g/mol}=0.115mol

  • <u>For carbon:</u>

Given mass of carbon = 3.697 g

Molar mass of carbon = 12 g/mol

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

\text{Moles of carbon}=\frac{3.697g}{12g/mol}=0.31mol

For the given chemical reaction:

Na_2SO_4(aq.)+4C(s)\rightarrow Na_2S(s)+4CO(g)

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

4 moles of carbon reacts with 1 mole of sodium sulfate

So, 0.31 moles of carbon will react with = \frac{1}{4}\times 0.31=0.0775mol of sodium sulfate

As, given amount of sodium sulfate is more than the required amount. So, it is considered as an excess reagent.

Thus, carbon metal is considered as a limiting reagent because it limits the formation of product.

Hence, the limiting reagent in the given chemical reaction is carbon metal.

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