The scientist that performed the cathode ray experiment leading to the discovery of electrons is J.J. Thomson.
<h3>What is a cathode ray?</h3>
A cathode ray is a tube that contains negatively charged electrode( that is the cathode) which emits electrons when heated at a low pressure.
The cathode ray was used by the scientist, J.J. Thomson to find the ratio of charge to mass (e/m) of the electrons.
Therefore, the scientist that performed the cathode ray experiment leading to the discovery of electrons is J.J. Thomson.
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It is a trial aimed to reduce bias during an experiment. An example would be a sugar pill, something that has no real effect so that the results of the true trial can accurately be compared. Its like a control group.
There are some standard numbers that help us describe the structure of an atom and help us categorize them. Those are the atomic number, the mass number and the numbers of electrons in an atom (or ion). Atoms are electrically neutral, hence they have the same number of protons as electrons. If an atom has a charge and has thus become an ion, it is because electrons joined it or left. For example in this case, since the ion has +2 charge, 2 electrons left it and thus the ion has 4 electrons (2 electrons less than its protons). The mass number is the sum of the protons and neutrons of an atom (that are in the nucleus). In this case, this yields a mass number of 13 for this ion. The atomic number of an atom (or ion) is the total number of protons in the nucleus. Protons do not leave the nucleus except for radioactive reactions and thus the atomic number of an atom (or ion) does not change in chemical reactions. In this case, the ion has an atomic number of 6.
Answer:
Explanation:
Step 1
The question is based on the concept of PH and pOH calculations.
pH is defined as negative logarithmic of hydronium Ion concentration.
while pOH is defined as negative logarithmic of hydroxide ion concentration of the solution.
Step 2
[H+] = 7.7*10-7 M
pH = -log[H+]
= -log ( 7.7*10-7 )
= 6.12
Step 3
pOH = 14 - pH
= 14 - 6.11
= 7.89
