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Alexandra [31]
2 years ago
5

Tarnish on copper is the compound CuO. A tarnished copper plate is placed in an aluminum pan of boiling water. When enough salt

is added so that the solution conducts electricity, the tarnish disappears. Imagine that the two halves of this redox reaction were separated and connected with a wire and a salt bridge. Part A Calculate the standard cell potential given the following standard reduction potentials: Al3++3e−→Al;E∘=−1.66 V Cu2++2e−→Cu;E∘=0.340 V Express your answer to two decimal places and include the appropriate units.
Chemistry
1 answer:
oksian1 [2.3K]2 years ago
4 0

Answer:

The standard cell potential is 2.00 V

Explanation:

<u>Step 1:</u> Data given

Cu is cathode because of higher EP

Al3++3e−→Al       E∘=−1.66 V     anode

Cu2++2e−→Cu    E∘=0.340 V    cathode

<u>Step 2:</u> Balance both equations

2*(Al → Al3+-3e−)       E∘=1.66 V    

3*(Cu2++2e−→Cu)    E∘=0.340 V

<u>Step 3:</u> The netto equation

2 Al + 3Cu2+ +6e- → 2Al3+ + 3Cu -6e-

2 Al + 3Cu2+  → 2Al3+ + 3Cu

<u>Step 4:</u> Calculate the standard cell potential

E∘cell = E∘cathode - E∘anode

E∘cell = E∘ Cu2+/Cu - E∘ Al3+/Al

E∘cell =0.340 V - (-1.66) = 2.00 V

The standard cell potential is 2.00 V

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Determine the empirical and molecular formula for chrysotile asbestos. Chrysotile has the following percent composition: 28.03%
nlexa [21]

<u>Answer:</u> The empirical and molecular formula of chrysotile is Mg_3Si_2H_3O_4 and Mg_6Si_4H_6O_{16}

<u>Explanation:</u>

We are given:

Percentage of Mg = 28.03 %

Percentage of Si = 21.60 %

Percentage of H = 1.16 %

Percentage of O = 49.21 %

Let the mass of compound be 100 g. So, percentages given are taken as mass.

Mass of Mg = 28.03 g

Mass of Si = 21.60 g

Mass of H = 1.16 g

Mass of O = 49.21 g

To formulate the empirical formula, we need to follow some steps:

  • <u>Step 1:</u> Converting the given masses into moles.

Moles of Magnesium = \frac{\text{Given mass of Magnesium}}{\text{Molar mass of Magnesium}}=\frac{28.03g}{24g/mole}=1.17moles

Moles of Silicon = \frac{\text{Given mass of Silicon}}{\text{Molar mass of Silicon}}=\frac{21.06g}{28g/mole}=0.752moles

Moles of Hydrogen = \frac{\text{Given mass of Hydrogen}}{\text{Molar mass of Hydrogen}}=\frac{1.16g}{1g/mole}=1.16moles

Moles of Oxygen = \frac{\text{Given mass of oxygen}}{\text{Molar mass of oxygen}}=\frac{49.21g}{16g/mole}=3.07moles

  • <u>Step 2:</u> Calculating the mole ratio of the given elements.

For the mole ratio, we divide each value of the moles by the smallest number of moles calculated which is 0.752 moles.

For Magnesium = \frac{1.17}{0.752}=1.5

For Silicon = \frac{0.752}{0.752}=1

For Hydrogen = \frac{1.16}{0.752}=1.5

For Oxygen = \frac{3.07}{0.485}=4.08\approx 4

To convert the mole ratios into whole numbers, we multiply individual mole ratios by 2

Mole ratio of Magnesium = (2 × 1.5) = 3

Mole ratio of Silicon = (2 × 1) = 2

Mole ratio of Hydrogen = (2 × 1.5) = 3

Mole ratio of Oxygen = (2 × 4) = 8

  • <u>Step 3:</u> Taking the mole ratio as their subscripts.

The ratio of Mg : Si : H : O = 3 : 2 : 3 : 8

The empirical formula for the given compound is Mg_3Si_2H_3O_8

For determining the molecular formula, we need to determine the valency which is multiplied by each element to get the molecular formula.

The equation used to calculate the valency is :

n=\frac{\text{Molecular mass}}{\text{Empirical mass}}

We are given:

Mass of molecular formula = 520.8 g/mol

Mass of empirical formula = [(24 × 3) + (28 × 2) + (1 × 3) + (16 × 8)] = 259 g/mol

Putting values in above equation, we get:

n=\frac{520.8g/mol}{259g/mol}=2

Multiplying this valency by the subscript of every element of empirical formula, we get:

Mg_{(3\times 2)}Si_{(2\times 2)}H_{(3\times 2)}O_{(8\times 2)}=Mg_6Si_4H_6O_{16}

Hence, the empirical and molecular formula of chrysotile is Mg_3Si_2H_3O_4 and Mg_6Si_4H_6O_{16}

5 0
3 years ago
How many electrons are in their outer shell?
quester [9]
Is there an attachment because it depends on the element.
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A bottle is partly filled with liquid water, sealed shut, and then placed under a heat lamp. The volume of the liquid water even
ANTONII [103]

Because the rate at which water vapour condenses gets increase slowly to get equal to the rate of evaporation of the water.

Explanation:

When a bottle is partly filled with liquid water is leaves space for vapours to escape and get condensed equally.

When sealed and kept below the lamp the rate of condensation increases due to the empty space in the bottle for getting vapours cool down.

A point arrives when evaporation equates the condensation of the liquid in bottle becomes stable because vapours cannot pass the bottle eventually condense and become liquid.

6 0
3 years ago
How many moles are there in 87.2 g of zinc fluoride?
Sladkaya [172]

Answer:

what I got was 0.8435160945347224 moles

7 0
2 years ago
In the formula for water ,(H2O), what does the lack of subscript after the O indicate?
ladessa [460]
I believe its B. <span>The chemical formula for water H2O represents 2 hydrogen and 1 oxygen in the compound.  </span>
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