The number of protons never changes in an atom. More electrons means a negative charge and fewer means a positive charge. Once an atom has an electrical charge it is called an ion. In an ion the atomic number and atomic mass do not change from the original.
It has the same composition throughout, unlike a heterogeneous which has visibly separate substances
The boiling point of HF is higher than the boiling point of 
, and it is higher than the boiling point of 
.
<h3>What is the boiling point?</h3>
The boiling point is the temperature at which the pressure exerted by the surroundings upon a liquid is equalled by the pressure exerted by the vapour of the liquid.
has weak dispersion force attractions between its molecules, whereas liquid HF has strong ionic interactions between 
and 
ions.
Only London Forces are formed - Therefore more energy is required to break the intermolecular forces in HF than in the other hydrogen halides and so HF has a higher boiling point.
and will only have intra-molecular attractions and there will be no hydrogen bonds present in them. As a result, their boiling point will be lower.
Hence, the boiling point of HF is higher than the boiling point of , and it is higher than the boiling point of .
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<span>Group 1 can be characterized as atoms that have 1 electron in their valence shell. This is valuable when dealing with these questions, because the loss or gain of valence electrons is what defines ionic relationships. When group 1 elements form ionic bonds with other atoms, they are extremely likely to lose their valence electron, since the nucleus has a weaker pull on it than, say, a chlorine atom has on its 7 valence electrons. The weaker pull between the nucleus and the valence electron of group 1 elements means that the radius is high, since the electron is more free to move with less pull on it. This also means that the first ionization energy is low, since it takes relatively little energy for that electron to be pulled away to another atom.</span>
