Not always ammonium salts of weak acids form neutral solutions.
When formic acid reacts with ammonia, ammonium formate is produced:
HCO2H + NH3 ----> NH4HCO2
You already know that the weak conjugate bases of NH3 and HCO2H are NH4+ and HCO2, respectively.
How can the pH of the solution be calculated if the salt's anion causes the pH to rise and the salt's cation causes it to fall? The relative intensities of the basic anion and the acidic cation hold the key to the solution.
As was already established, formate is a weak base and will create hydroxide ions in water, whereas ammonium is a weak acid and will make hydronium ions in water.
NH4⁺ + H2O -----> NH3 + H3O⁺
HCO2⁻ + H2O -----> HCO2H + OH⁻
Since the acid ionization of NH4+ is more favored than the base ionization of HCO2-, the solution will be acidic.
To learn more about ammonium salts:
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A magnesium atom is a neutral atom where the number of protons and electrons are the same. A magnesium ion has a positve 2 charge since it will lose two of its electrons when it undergoes ionic bonding. Since it's the same element it will still have the same amount of 12 protons. For isotopes of magnesium, they will have differing amounts of neutrons and thus a difference in the mass number since neutrons have a mass of about 1
Answer:
-255.4 kJ
Explanation:
The free energy of a reversible reaction can be calculated by:
ΔG = (ΔG° + RTlnQ)*n
Where R is the gas constant (8.314x10⁻³ kJ/mol.K), T is the temperature in K, n is the number of moles of the products (n =1), and Q is the reaction quotient, which is calculated based on the multiplication of partial pressures by the partial pressure of the products elevated by their coefficient divide by the multiplication of the partial pressure of the reactants elevated by their coefficients.
C₂H₂(g) + 2H₂(g) ⇄ C₂H₆(g)
Q = pC₂H₆/[pC₂H₂ * (pH₂)²]
Q = 0.261/[8.58*(3.06)²]
Q = 3.2487x10⁻³
ΔG = -241.2 + 8.314x10⁻³x298*ln(3.2487x10⁻³)
ΔG = -255.4 kJ
The answer will be (4) HI because the greater the difference of the bonds in electronegativity, the more polar a bond is.
The two atoms shown in the equation are CALCIUM and oxygen.
<span>You start off with a neutral calcium atom with a shell of two electrons, a shell of 8 around that, a shell of 8 around that, and a shell containing 2...with no charge. </span>
<span>20 protons + 20 electrons. </span>
<span>You also have an oxygen atom with a shell of 2, and a shell of 6...with no charge. </span>
<span>8 protons + 8 electrons. </span>
<span>Each ionizes to form a calcium ion with 2 electrons removed (from the outer shell), leaving a +2 charge (20 protons, 18 electrons)... </span>
<span>and an oxygen ion with 2 electrons added (to the outer shell), leaving a -2 charge (8 protons, 10 electrons). </span>
<span>Their electrostatic attraction causes them to come together to form an ionic compound of CaO in a crystal lattice.</span>
