<span>There are four laws of thermodynamic which define and characterize the thermodynamic system at thermal equilibrium.
The laws of thermodynamics state that, in a heat engine, </span>all the heat energy from a source cannot be converted to mechanical energy.
Answer:
pf = 198.8 kg*m/s
θ = 46.8º N of E.
Explanation:
- Since total momentum is conserved, and momentum is a vector, the components of the momentum along two axes perpendicular each other must be conserved too.
- If we call the positive x- axis to the W-E direction, and the positive y-axis to the S-N direction, we can write the following equation for the initial momentum along the x-axis:
- We can do exactly the same for the initial momentum along the y-axis:
- The final momentum along the x-axis, since the collision is inelastic and both objects stick together after the collision, can be written as follows:
- We can repeat the process for the y-axis, as follows:
- Since (1) is equal to (3), replacing for the givens, and since p₀Bₓ = 0, we can solve for vfₓ as follows:
- In the same way, we can find the component of the final momentum along the y-axis, as follows:
- With the values of vfx and vfy, we can find the magnitude of the final speed of the two-object system, applying the Pythagorean Theorem, as follows:
- The magnitude of the final total momentum is just the product of the combined mass of both objects times the magnitude of the final speed:
- Finally, the angle that the final momentum vector makes with the positive x-axis, is the same that the final velocity vector makes with it.
- We can find this angle applying the definition of tangent of an angle, as follows:
⇒ θ = tg⁻¹ (1.06) = 46.8º N of E
We are aware that weight is the product of applied gravitational force and mass. W = MG thus, where W represents the weight, M the mass, and G the gravitational force. As a result, it might also mean that "an object's weight is directly proportionate to its mass."
<h3>What is mass?</h3>
- Mass is a physical body's total amount of matter.
- It also serves as a gauge for the body's inertia, or resistance to acceleration (change in velocity) in the presence of a net force.
- The strength of an object's gravitational pull to other bodies is also influenced by its mass.
- The kilogram is the primary mass unit in the SI (kg).
- Even though weight is frequently measured using a spring scale rather than a balancing scale and directly compared with known masses, mass is not the same as weight in physics.
<h3>What is weight?</h3>
- The force exerted on an object by gravity is known as the weight of the object in science and engineering.
- Weight is sometimes described as a vector quantity, or the gravitational force exerted on the object, in some common textbooks.
- Others define weight as a scalar quantity, the gravitational force's strength.
- Others define it as the strength of the force applied to a body as a result of systems designed to resist the effects of gravity; the weight is the amount that is determined, for instance, by a spring scale.
Learn more about mass here:
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Answer:
Change in specific internal Energy
Explanation:
Given:
- Mass of the gas, m=0.4 lb
- Initial pressure and volume are
- Final pressure and temperature are
- Heat transfer from the gas is 2.1 Btu
Since the process is isotropic we have
So the final volume of the gas is calculated.
Work in any isotropic is given by w
According to the first law of thermodynamics we have
So the Specific Internal Change is given by
So the specific Change in Internal energy is calculated.
Answer:
Avogadro's law.
Explanation:
Avogadro’s law states that, equal volumes of all gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules.
Mathematically,
V n
V = Kn where V = volume in cm3, dm3, ml or L; n = number of moles of gas;
K = mathematical constant.
The ideal gas equation is a combination of Boyle's law, Charles' law and Avogadro’s law.
V 1/P at constant temperature (Boyle’s law)
V T at constant pressure ( Charles’law)
V n at constant temperature and pressure ( Avogadro’s law )
Combining the equations yields,
V nT/P
Introducing a constant,
V = nRT/P
PV = nRT
Where P = pressure in atm, Pa, torr, mmHg or Nm-2; V = volume in cm3, dm3, ml or L; T = temperature in Kelvin; n = number of moles of gas in mol; R = molar gas constant = 0.082 dm3atmK-1mol-1
