Density is defined as mass per unit volume. It has the SI unit kg m-3 or Kg/m-3 and is an absolute quantity. Specific gravity is the ratio of a material's density with that of water at 4 °C (where it is most dense and is taken to have the value 999.974 kg·m-3). It is therefore a relative quantity with no units.
Answer:
Explanation:
We define the linear density of charge as:

Where L is the rod's length, in this case the semicircle's length L = πr
The potential created at the center by an differential element of charge is:

where k is the coulomb's constant
r is the distance from dq to center of the circle
Thus.

Potential at the center of the semicircle
Answer:
The third shell would be empty, so the eight electrons on the second level would be the outermost after the atom lost one electron
Explanation:
When an atom is bonded with other atoms, a more stable configuration must be reached, which is why the energy of the molecule is less than the energy of the individual atoms, for this to happen in general, electrons are shared or lost and gained in each atom, depending on the electronegative of the same.
If we analyze an atom within the molecule, its last shell is full, in the case of atoms with few electrons in this shell, they are lost and in the case of many electors in this shell, it gains electrons to have eight (8) in total.
When reviewing the different answers, the correct one is:
* The third shell would be empty, so the eight electrons on the second level would be the outermost after the atom lost one electron
PART A)
Electrostatic potential at the position of origin is given by

here we have



now we have


Now work done to move another charge from infinite to origin is given by

here we will have

so there is no work required to move an electron from infinite to origin
PART B)
Initial potential energy of electron




Now we know



now by energy conservation we will have
So here initial total energy is sufficient high to reach the origin
PART C)
It will reach the origin
Answer:Same magnitude
Explanation:
When ball is dropped from shoulder height h then velocity at the bottom is given by

if it makes elastic collision then it will acquire the same velocity and riser up to the same height
If m is the mass of ball then impulse imparted is given by


Thus impulse imparted by gravity and Floor will have same magnitude of impulse but direction will be opposite to each other.