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Sauron [17]
3 years ago
6

Why is the definition for second based on the Cesium 133 atom?

Engineering
1 answer:
jarptica [38.1K]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

  The rate of vibrations of the atoms is consistent

Explanation:

A second is defined as 9,192,631,770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the caesium 133 atom.

The definition applies when the atom is in isolation at a temperature of absolute zero. Adjustments must be made for the conditions that can be maintained in practice.

Such radiation is determined by the laws of quantum mechanics, so is extremely consistent.

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Complete question:

A structural component in the form of a wide plate is to be fabricated from a steel alloy that has a plane strain fracture toughness of 98.9 MPa root m (90 ksi root in.) and a yield strength of 860 MPa (125,000 psi). The flaw size resolution limit of the flaw detection apparatus is 3.0 mm (0.12 in.). If the design stress is one-half of the yield strength and the value of Y is 1.0, determine whether or not a critical flaw for this plate is subject to detection.

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Since the flaw 17mm is greater than 3 mm the critical flaw for this plate is subject to detection

so that critical flow is subject to detection  

Explanation:

We are given:

Plane strain fracture toughness K = 98.9 MPa \sqrt{m}

Yield strength Y = 860 MPa

Flaw detection apparatus = 3.0mm (12in)

y = 1.0

Let's use the expression:

oc = \frac{K}{Y \sqrt{pi * a}}

We already know

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a = length of surface creak

Since we are to find the length of surface creak, we will make "a" subject of the formula in the expression above.

Therefore

a= \frac{1}{pi} * [\frac{k}{y*a}]^2

Substituting figures in the expression above, we have:

= \frac{1}{pi} * [\frac{98.9 MPa \sqrt{m}} {10 * \frac{860MPa}{2}}]^2

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= 17mm

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