Answer:
The answer is given below
Explanation:
u is the initial velocity, v is the final velocity. Given that:

a)
The final velocity of cart 1 after collision is given as:

The final velocity of cart 2 after collision is given as:

b) Using the law of conservation of energy:

Atmospheric refraction is the deviation of light or other electromagnetic wave from a straight line as it passes through the atmosphere due to the variation in air density as a function of height. ... Refraction not only affects visible light rays, but all electromagnetic radiation, although in varying degrees.
So in short, the answer is D.
(My answer got deleted because it didnt explain which is dumb)
To solve this problem we will apply the concept related to destructive interference (from the principle of superposition). This concept is understood as a superposition of two or more waves of identical or similar frequency that, when interfering, create a new wave pattern of less intensity (amplitude) at a point called a node. Mathematically it can be described as

Where,
d = Path difference
= wavelength
n = Any integer which represent the number of repetition of the spectrum
In this question the distance between the two source will be minimum for the case of minimum path difference, then n= 1



Therefore the minimum distance that should you separate two sources emitting the same waves is 2.5mm
Gravity is a pair of forces of attraction between every
two objects. Period !
It doesn't matter whether they're moving together, moving apart,
moving gracefully in synchrony, or at rest. The gravitational forces
of attraction between them are always there.