A system is a part of the <em>physical</em> universe defined <em>arbitrarily</em> for observation purposes.
Boundaries are a part of the <em>physical</em> universe that are around the system.
In a scientific sense, a system is a part of the <em>physical</em> universe whose boundaries, that is, the limit between the system and its surroundings, are defined <em>arbitrarily</em> for observation purposes.
A system contains at least a model, represented in a phenomenological way, and it can be isolated (no mass nor energy interactions), closed (no mass interactions) or open.
The surroundings are a part of the <em>physical</em> universe that are around the system.
An example is a coffee-maker, where coffee-maker the system and air represents the surroundings, the coffee-maker receives energy from a heat source to warm up itself and releases part of such energy to the air.
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Volume of the metal = change in volume reading
Volume = 37.4 - 33
Volume = 4.4 ml
Density = mass / volume
Density = 7.101 / 4.4
Density = 1.61 g/ml
C. 2 hydrogen (H) atoms because in bonding with them sulfur will get a full valence shell and hydrogen will have a full valence shell.
We are going to use table salt, NaCl as an example.
(s) = solid, eg the salt you put on your food is a crystalline solid.
(l) = liquid, if you melt salt it take on a liquid form
(g) = gaseous, if you put enough energy in the salt will turn into a gas.
(aq) = aqueous, meaning in water or another solvent. If you put some table salt in water and stir it, it will dissolve, the NaCl molecules dont get destroyed but they dissolve becoming part of the liquid.
Most of the NADH that delivers electrons to the electron transport chain comes from the citric acid cycle and or the kreb's cycle.