First option because the (or) means the arrows aren’t connected and the open circle means not equal to and closed circle vice versa
bearing in mind that the hypotenuse is never negative, since it's just a distance unit, so if an angle has a sine ratio of -(5/13) the negative must be the numerator, namely -5/13.
![\bf cos\left[ sin^{-1}\left( -\cfrac{5}{13} \right) \right] \\\\[-0.35em] ~\dotfill\\\\ \stackrel{\textit{then we can say that}~\hfill }{sin^{-1}\left( -\cfrac{5}{13} \right)\implies \theta }\qquad \qquad \stackrel{\textit{therefore then}~\hfill }{sin(\theta )=\cfrac{\stackrel{opposite}{-5}}{\stackrel{hypotenuse}{13}}}\impliedby \textit{let's find the \underline{adjacent}}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cbf%20cos%5Cleft%5B%20sin%5E%7B-1%7D%5Cleft%28%20-%5Ccfrac%7B5%7D%7B13%7D%20%5Cright%29%20%5Cright%5D%20%5C%5C%5C%5C%5B-0.35em%5D%20~%5Cdotfill%5C%5C%5C%5C%20%5Cstackrel%7B%5Ctextit%7Bthen%20we%20can%20say%20that%7D~%5Chfill%20%7D%7Bsin%5E%7B-1%7D%5Cleft%28%20-%5Ccfrac%7B5%7D%7B13%7D%20%5Cright%29%5Cimplies%20%5Ctheta%20%7D%5Cqquad%20%5Cqquad%20%5Cstackrel%7B%5Ctextit%7Btherefore%20then%7D~%5Chfill%20%7D%7Bsin%28%5Ctheta%20%29%3D%5Ccfrac%7B%5Cstackrel%7Bopposite%7D%7B-5%7D%7D%7B%5Cstackrel%7Bhypotenuse%7D%7B13%7D%7D%7D%5Cimpliedby%20%5Ctextit%7Blet%27s%20find%20the%20%5Cunderline%7Badjacent%7D%7D)
![\bf \textit{using the pythagorean theorem} \\\\ c^2=a^2+b^2\implies \pm\sqrt{c^2-b^2}=a \qquad \begin{cases} c=hypotenuse\\ a=adjacent\\ b=opposite\\ \end{cases} \\\\\\ \pm\sqrt{13^2-(-5)^2}=a\implies \pm\sqrt{144}=a\implies \pm 12=a \\\\[-0.35em] ~\dotfill\\\\ cos\left[ sin^{-1}\left( -\cfrac{5}{13} \right) \right]\implies cos(\theta )=\cfrac{\stackrel{adjacent}{\pm 12}}{13}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cbf%20%5Ctextit%7Busing%20the%20pythagorean%20theorem%7D%20%5C%5C%5C%5C%20c%5E2%3Da%5E2%2Bb%5E2%5Cimplies%20%5Cpm%5Csqrt%7Bc%5E2-b%5E2%7D%3Da%20%5Cqquad%20%5Cbegin%7Bcases%7D%20c%3Dhypotenuse%5C%5C%20a%3Dadjacent%5C%5C%20b%3Dopposite%5C%5C%20%5Cend%7Bcases%7D%20%5C%5C%5C%5C%5C%5C%20%5Cpm%5Csqrt%7B13%5E2-%28-5%29%5E2%7D%3Da%5Cimplies%20%5Cpm%5Csqrt%7B144%7D%3Da%5Cimplies%20%5Cpm%2012%3Da%20%5C%5C%5C%5C%5B-0.35em%5D%20~%5Cdotfill%5C%5C%5C%5C%20cos%5Cleft%5B%20sin%5E%7B-1%7D%5Cleft%28%20-%5Ccfrac%7B5%7D%7B13%7D%20%5Cright%29%20%5Cright%5D%5Cimplies%20cos%28%5Ctheta%20%29%3D%5Ccfrac%7B%5Cstackrel%7Badjacent%7D%7B%5Cpm%2012%7D%7D%7B13%7D)
le's bear in mind that the sine is negative on both the III and IV Quadrants, so both angles are feasible for this sine and therefore, for the III Quadrant we'd have a negative cosine, and for the IV Quadrant we'd have a positive cosine.
I use it all the time, but as my profession is engineering, mathematics is integral in my everyday life. I usually do it when evaluating for the magnitude of vector force components. Usually in 2D space, so Pythagorean theorem is quite useful.
Answer:
each apple would be $1.53