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harkovskaia [24]
3 years ago
10

Two trains traveling towards one another on a straight track are 300m apart when the engineers on both trains become aware of th

e impending Collision and hit their brakes. The eastbound train, initially moving at 97.0 km/h Slows down at 3.50ms^2. The westbound train, initially moving at 127 km/h slows down at 4.20 m/s^2. What is the distance between them once they stop (express your answer to the two significant figures)
Physics
1 answer:
sattari [20]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

48 m

Explanation:

Two trains traveling towards one another on a straight track are 300m apart when the engineers on both trains become aware of the impending Collision and hit their brakes. The eastbound train, initially moving at 97.0 km/h Slows down at 3.50ms^2. The westbound train, initially moving at 127 km/h slows down at 4.20 m/s^2.

The eastbound train

First convert km/h to m/s

(97 × 1000)/3600

97000/3600

26.944444 m/s

As the train is decelerating, final velocity V = 0 and acceleration a will be negative. Using third equation of motion

V^2 = U^2 - 2as

O = 26.944^2 - 2 × 3.5 S

726 = 7S

S = 726/7

S1 = 103.7 m

The westbound train

Convert km/h to m/s

(127×1000)/3600

127000/3600

35.2778 m/s

Using third equation of motion

V^2 = U^2 - 2as

0 = 35.2778^2 - 2 × 4.2 × S

1244.52 = 8.4S

S = 1244.52/8.4

S2 = 148.2 m

S1 + S2 = 103.7 + 148.2 = 251.86

The distance between them once they stop will be

300 - 251.86 = 48.14 m

Therefore, the distance between them once they stop is 48 metres approximately.

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A 3.9 g dart is fired into a block of wood with a mass of 24.6 g. The wood block is initially at rest on a 1.5 m tall post. Afte
Galina-37 [17]

Answer:

46.48m/s

Explanation:

The problem is a combination of the principle of conservation of linear momentum and projectile motion.

The principle of conservation of linear momentum states that in a closed system, the total momentum of colliding bodies before impact is equal to the total momentum after impact. The masses stated in the problem experienced an inelastic collision. In an inelastic collision, the bodies involved stick together after the collision and move with a common velocity.

For two bodies of masses m_1 and m_2 moving with velocities u_1 and u_2 before impact, if they experience inelastic collision, the conservation of their momenta is as stated in equation (1);

m_1u_1+m_2u_2=(m_1+m_2)v..................(1)

were v is their common velocity after impact. If the second mass m_2 was at rest before the impact, then its initial velocity u_2=0m/s. therefore m_2u_2=0. Equation (1) then becomes;

m_1u_1=(m_1+m_2)v..............(2)

In the problem stated, the second mass taken as the mass of the wooden block was at rest before the impact and the collision was inelastic since both the wood and the dart stuck together and moved with a common velocity after the impact. Therefore we can use equation (2) for the problem.

Given;

m_1=3.9g=0.0039kg\\u_1=?\\m_2=24.6g=0.0246kg\\v=?

Substituting these values into (2), we get the following;

0.0039*u_1=(0.0039+0.024)v\\0.0039u_1=0.0285v.........(3)

Their common v velocity after impact now makes both the wooden block and the dart (as a single body) to fall vertically through a height h of 1.5m over a range R of 3.5m as stated by the problem; hence by the principle of projectile motion for a body projected horizontally, the following relationship holds;

R= vt............(4)

were t is the time taken to fall through the height h. To obtain t we use the second equation of free fall under gravity;

h=\frac{1}{2}gt^2...........(5)

were g is acceleration due to gravity taken as 9.8m/s^2. Therefore;

1.5=\frac{1}{2}*9.8*t^2\\1.5=4.9t^2\\t^2=\frac{1.5}{4.9}=0.306\\t=\sqrt{0.306} =0.55s

We then substitute R and t into equation (4) to obtain v.

3.5=v*0.55\\v=\frac{3.5}{0.55}\\v=6.36m/s

We now further substitute this value of v into (3) to obtain u_1;

u_1=\frac{0.0285v}{0.0039}\\\\u_1=\frac{0.0285*6.36}{0.0039}\\\\u_1=\frac{0.18126}{0.0039}\\\\u_1=46.48m/s

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A metal ball has a mass of 2kg and a volume of 6 m3. What is its density
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