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3 years ago

Which of the following elements is the most electronegative?

Chemistry

2 answers:

Veseljchak [2.6K]3 years ago

5 0

Chlorine is the most electronegative

Alinara [238K]3 years ago

4 0

Answer: Option (D) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

Electronegativity is defined as the ability of an element or atom to readily attract electrons towards itself.

Generally, non-metals are the species which tend to show electronegativity. Whereas metals have the ability to lose electrons in order to gain stability.

Hence, metals are electropositive in nature.

For example, potassium and francium are metals.

And, astatine is a metalloid, that is, it shows properties of both metals and non-metals. Hence, it shows both electropositive and electronegative nature.

Chlorine being a non-metal is electronegative in nature and hence, it has the ability to readily attract an electron.

Thus, we can conclude that out of the given options chlorine element is the most electronegative.

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$H2SO3\leftrightarrow H^{+}+HSO3^{-}$ --------(1)

where, Ka1 = 1.5 x 10–2 or pKa1 = 1.824

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The required pH = 6.247 which is beyond the first equivalence point but within the second equivalence point.

Step 1:

Based on equation(1), at the first eq point:

moles of H2SO3 = moles of NaOH

$i.e. \ 5.13\ moles/L*0.385L = moles\ NaOH\\therefore, \ moles\ NaOH = 1.98\ moles\\V(NaOH)\ required = \frac{1.98\ moles}{0.615\ moles/L} =3.22L$

Step 2:

For the second equivalence point setup an ICE table:

$HSO3^{-}+OH^{-}\leftrightarrow H2O+SO3^{2-}$

Initial 1.98 ? 0

Change -x -x x

Equil 1.98-x ?-x x

Here, ?-x =0 i.e. amount of OH- = x

Based on the Henderson buffer equation:

$pH = pKa2 + log\frac{[SO3]^{2-} }{[HSO3]^{-} } \\6.247 = 7.00 + log\frac{x}{(1.98-x)} \\x=0.634 moles$

Volume of NaOH required is:

$\frac{0.634\ moles}{0.615 moles/L}=0.389L$

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Total volume of NaOH required = 3.22+0.389 =3.61 L

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