A 1.11 g sample of caffeine, C8H10N4O2, burns in a constant-volume calorimeter that has a heat capacity of 7.85 kJ/K. The temper
ature increases from 298.70 K to 303.81 K. What is the molar heat of combustion of caffeine (in kJ).?
1 answer:
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Answer: 0.529 atm
Explanation:
Combined gas law is the combination of Boyle's law, Charles's law and Gay-Lussac's law.
The combined gas equation is,
where,
= initial pressure of gas = 0.998 atm
= final pressure of gas = ?
= initial volume of gas = 2 L
= final volume of gas = 3.5 L
= initial temperature of gas =
= final temperature of gas =
Now put all the given values in the above equation, we get:
Thus the pressure if it is brought to a higher altitude where it now occupies 3.5 L and is at 12.0 °C is 0.529 atm
The hybridization for C in acetylene, HCCH, or C₂H₂ is 'sp'.
Discussion:
There are three different forms of hybridization -
- sp- The first occurs when two carbon atoms are triple linked.
- sp₂- When two carbon atoms are double-bonded to one another, this is known as sp₂.
- sp₃- When a single bond joins two carbon atoms, this is known as sp₃.
In the case of acetylene(HCCH or C₂H₂):
- The carbon atom requires additional electrons to establish four bonds with hydrogen and other carbon atoms in the synthesis of C₂H₂. One 2s₂ pair is consequently transferred to the vacant 2pz orbital. Each carbon has two sp hybrid orbitals after the 2s orbital in each atom combines with one of the 2p orbitals.
- As a result of the atoms' symmetrical alignment in a single plane, C₂H₂ possesses a linear molecular structure. Due to their lower electronegative nature than Hydrogen atoms, all Carbon atoms are situated near the center of the Lewis structure of C₂H₂.
H-C≡C-H
Therefore, it is concluded from the above discussion that the hybridization type of acetylene is 'sp'.
Learn more about hybridization here:
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