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Vsevolod [243]
3 years ago
11

How much heat is produced by combustion of 125 g of methanol under standard state conditions?

Chemistry
2 answers:
Sonbull [250]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

Energy released = 2832.79 kJ

Explanation:

The standard enthalpy of the combustion of methanol, \Delta\ H^0=-726.1\ kJ/mol

It means that :

1 mole of methanol on combustion releases 726.1 kJ of energy

Molar mass of methanol = 32.04 g/mol

Thus, mass of 1 mole of methanol is 32.04 g

So,

32.04 g of methanol on combustion releases 726.1 kJ of energy

1 g of methanol on combustion releases 726.1/32.04 kJ of energy

125 g of methanol on combustion releases (726.1/32.04)*125 kJ of energy

<u>Energy released = 2832.79 kJ</u>

Alex777 [14]3 years ago
4 0
Standard enthalpy of combustion is the enthalpy change for one mole of a substance that burns or combines with the oxygen under the standard state conditions that is 1 bar pressure and  temperature. 
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Gamma radiation is penetrating and can affect most electrical equipment. Simple equipment (like motors, switches, incandescent lights, wiring, and solenoids) is very radiation resistant and may never show any radiation effects, even after a very large radiation exposure. Diodes and computer chips (electronics) are much more sensitive to gamma radiation. To give you a comparison of effects, it takes a radiation dose of about 5 Sv to cause death to most people. Diodes and computer chips will show very little functional detriment up to about 50 to 100 Sv. Also, some electronics can be "hardened" (made to be not affected as much by larger gamma radiation doses) by providing shielding or by selecting radiation-resistant materials.

 

Some electronics do exhibit a recovery after being exposed to gamma radiation, after the radiation is stopped. But the recovery is hardly ever back to 100% functionality. Also, if the electronics are exposed to gamma radiation while unpowered, the gamma radiation effects are less.

 

Ionizing radiation breaks down the materials within the electrical equipment. For example, when wiring is exposed to gamma rays, no change is noticed until the wiring is flexed or bent. The wire's insulation becomes brittle and will break and may cause shorts in the equipment. The effect on diodes and computer chips is a bit more complex. The gamma rays disrupt the crystalline nature of the inside of the electronic component. Its function is degraded and then fails as more gamma radiation exposure is received by the electronic component.

 

Gamma rays do not affect the signals within the device or the signals received by the device. Nonionizing radiation (like radio signals, microwaves, and electromagnetic pulses) DO mess with the signals within and received by the device. I put a cheap electronic game in my microwave oven at home. It arced and sparked and was totally ruined. I didn’t waste any more of my time playing that game.

Hope this helps.

Explanation:

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