Clutch Prep
Ch.2 - Atoms & ElementsSee all chapters
Atomic Theory
See all sections
LearnAdditional Practice
Solution: Which of the following chemical reactions is/are NOT possible according to Dalton's atomic theory?a. reaction 1: CCl4 → CH4b. reaction 2: N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3c. reaction 3: 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O + Au
Problem
Which of the following chemical reactions is/are NOT possible according to Dalton's atomic theory?
a. reaction 1: CCl4 → CH4
b. reaction 2: N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3
c. reaction 3: 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O + Au
3Zn + 8HNO₃⇒ 3Zn(NO₃)₂ + 2NO + 4H₂O
<h3>Further explanation
</h3>
Equalization of chemical reaction equations can be done using variables. Steps in equalizing the reaction equation:
- 1. gives a coefficient on substances involved in the equation of reaction such as a, b, or c etc.
- 2. make an equation based on the similarity of the number of atoms where the number of atoms = coefficient × index between reactant and product
- 3. Select the coefficient of the substance with the most complex chemical formula equal to 1
For gas combustion reaction which is a reaction of hydrocarbons with oxygen produces CO₂ and H₂O (water vapor). can use steps:
Balancing C atoms, H and the last O atoms
Reaction
Zn + HNO₃⇒ Zn(NO₃)₂ + NO + H₂O
aZn + bHNO₃⇒ Zn(NO₃)₂ + cNO + dH₂O
Zn : left = a, right =1 ⇒a=1
H : left = b, right = 2d⇒ b=2d (eq 1)
N : left = b, right = 2+c⇒b=2+c (eq 2)
O : left = 3b, right = 6+c+d ⇒3b=6+c+d(eq 3)
3(2d)=6+c+d
6d=6+c+d
5d=6+c (eq 4)
3(2+c)=6+c+d
6+3c=6+c+d
2c=d (eq 5)
5(2c)=6+c
10c=6+c
9c=6
c = 2/3
d = 2 x 2/3
d = 4/3
b = 2 x 4/3
b = 8/3
The equation
aZn + bHNO₃⇒ Zn(NO₃)₂ + cNO + dH₂O to
Zn + 8/3HNO₃⇒ Zn(NO₃)₂ + 2/3NO + 4/3H₂O x 3
3Zn + 8HNO₃⇒ 3Zn(NO₃)₂ + 2NO + 4H₂O
A compound is made up of a single type of molecule. A mixture, on the other hand, is made up of different substances that can be distinguished from one another.
As an example:
Water (pure water) is a compound since it's only made up of water molecules
Seawater is a mixture since it is made up of water molecules and soluble salts
Answer:
1. Alkali metals (group 1)
2. halogens (Group 17)
3. noble gasses (group 18)
Explanation:
1. alkali metals only have one valence electron meaning that they really want to lose that one valence electron to get a full octet.
2. halogens have 7 valence electrons meaning that they just need to gain 1 to get a full octet.
3. Nobel gasses already have a full octet meaning that they don't want to react. (atoms only react to get a full octet)
I hope this helps. Let me know if anything is unclear.