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3 years ago

Can swords shatter from cold temperatures

1 answer:

6 0

Depends on how the sword is made, what materials are used and temperature used but yes they can shatter.

When molecules cool down they stop vibrating and moving as much and so they "shrink" and the metal of the sword becomes brittle. sometimes they shrink at different phases which cause tension in the sword if this tension is strong enough it can cause the metallic bonds to break causing the sword to shatter.

hope that helps

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B. The highly toxic gas phosgene is produced by the reaction CO(g) + Cl2(g) COCl2(g), ΔH = –108 kJ/mol. Use this reaction to ans

galben [10]

Answer:

I. Increasing pressure will allow more frequent successful collision between particles due to the particles being closer together.

II. Rate of reaction increases due to more products being made; as increased pressure favours the exothermic side of the equilibrium.

III. Increasing temperature provides particles lots of (Kinetic) energy, for more frequent successful collision due to the particles moving at a faster rate than before. However, favouring the endothermic side of the equilibrium due to lots of energy required to break and form new bonds.

IV. Rate of reaction increases due to increase temperature favouring both directions of the equilibrium - causing products to form faster.

Hope this helps!

6 0

2 years ago

Identify limiting and excess reagents when 25g of nitrogen reacts with 25g of hydrogen. How many grams of ammonia gas are formed

Makovka662 [10]

Answer:

Nitrogen is limiting reactant while hydrogen is in excess.

Explanation:

Given data:

Mass of N₂ = 25 g

Mass of H₂ = 25 g

Mass of ammonia formed = ?

Solution:

Chemical equation:

N₂ + 3H₂ → 2NH₃

Number of moles of Nitrogen:

Number of moles = mass/ molar mass

Number of moles = 25 g/ 28 g/mol

Number of moles = 0.89 mol

Number of moles of hydrogen:

Number of moles = mass/ molar mass

Number of moles = 25 g/ 2 g/mol

Number of moles = 12.5 mol

Now we will compare the moles of both reactant with ammonia.

H₂ ; NH₃

3 : 2

12.5 : 2/3×12.5 = 8.3

N₂ ; NH₃

1 : 2

0.89 : 2×0.89 = 1.78

The number of moles of ammonia produced by nitrogen are less thus nitrogen is limiting reactant while hydrogen is in excess.

7 0

3 years ago

Calculate the pH of 1.00 L of a buffer that contains 0.105 M HNO2 and 0.170 M NaNO2. What is the pH of the same buffer after the

kari74 [83]

Answer:

1.- pH =3.61

2.-pH =3.53

Explanation:

In the first part of this problem we can compute the pH of the buffer by making use of the Henderson-Hasselbach equation,

pH = pKa + log [A⁻]/[HA]

where [A⁻] is the conjugate base anion concentration ( [NO₂⁻]), [HA] is the weak acid concentration,[HNO₂].

In the second part, our strategy has to take into account that some of the weak base NO₂⁻ will be consumed by reaction with the very strong acid HCl. Thus, first we will calculate the new concentrations, and then find the new pH similar to the first part.

First Part

pH = 3.40+ log {0.170 /0.105}

pH = 3.61

Second Part

# mol HCl = ( 0.001 L ) x 12.0 mol / L = 0.012

# mol NaNO₂ reacted = 0.012 mol ( 1: 1 reaction)

# mol NaNO₂ initial = 0.170 mol/L x 1 L = 0.170 mol

# mol NaNO₂ remaining = (0.170 - 0.012) mol = 0.158

# mol HNO₂ produced = 0.012 mol

# mol HNO₂ initial = 0.105

# new mol HNO₂ = (0.105 + 0.012) mol = 0.117 mol

Now we are ready to use the Henderson-Hasselbach with the new ration. Notice that we dont have to calculate the concentration (M) since we are using a ratio.

pH = 3.40 + log {0.158/.0117}

pH = 3.53

Notice there is little variation in the pH of the buffer. That is the usefulness of buffers.

4 0

2 years ago

Read 2 more answers

Which branch of the chemical industry usually requires advanced degrees? Marketing product development R & D corporate manag

fredd [130]

Answer: R & D is the correct option.

Explanation:

Research and development department of a chemical industry requires individuals holding advanced degrees because :

This will help the chemical industry to come up with new developments and advancements in preparation of the chemical products like :green methods to prepare certain chemicals which usually involves handling of toxic substances.
Formulation and development of the new chemical substitutes
Improvement of chemical product at microscopic level.

4 0

3 years ago

Use the balanced equation from number four above to determine the limiting reactant if we had a mixture of 5.0 moles of Fe and 4

Tom [10]

Answer:

2Fe + 3O₂ → 2Fe₂O₃

Limiting reactant: O₂

2Fe + O₂ → 2FeO

Limiting reactant: Fe

Explanation:

2Fe + 3O₂ → 2Fe₂O₃

2Fe + O₂ → 2FeO

These are the possible reactions:

In first case, 2 moles of Fe need 3 mol of oyxgen to react

If I have 5 moles of Fe, I will need (5 .3)/2 = 7.5 moles of O₂

Then, the oxygen is my limiting ( I only have 4 moles)

3 moles of O₂ need 2 moles of Fe

If I have 4 moles of O₂, I will need (4 .2)/3 = 2.66 moles (I have 5)

Fe, is the reactant in excess.

For second case, 2 moles of Fe need 1 mol of O₂, to react.

If I have 5 moles of Fe, I will need ( 5 .1) / 2 =2.5 moles of O₂

I have 4 moles of oxygen, so now it is my excess.

1 mol of O₂ need 2 moles of Fe, to react

If I have 4 moles of O₂, I will need the double of amount, 8 moles of Fe.

I have 5 moles, then the Fe is my limtiing reactant.

8 0

2 years ago