A substance that has more than 2 atoms bonded together
It depends on if you want the volume of the gas itself which is impossible to calculate because it changes based on the container it is in, but if you want to find the volume of the gas in relation to the container it is in then it is possible and fairly easy to do, can you calculate the volume of a gas technically yes you can but it will always be different if you change the container it is in
The celery and carrot will most likely become saltier and perhaps more shriveled because of the high concentration of salt in the water solution compared to the low concentration of salt in the solution. The raisin, however, could take two roots, one would be the same as the carrot and celery, but the other one is it would soak up water because of how salty and shriveled the raisin already is.
For the second one it is physical