Answer:
Explanation:
Ionic bonds are polar and some covalent bonds are also polar.
it depend upon the electronegativity of bonded atoms. If electronegativity difference of both bonded atoms are greater than 0.4 polar covalent bond is formed. While in case of ionic bond there is huge difference between electronegativity of bonded atoms one with higher electronegativity complete gain the electron from atom with lower electronegativity and ionic bond is formed.
Ionic bond:
It is the bond which is formed by the transfer of electron from one atom to the atom of another element.
Both bonded atoms have very large electronegativity difference. The atom with large electronegativity value accept the electron from other with smaller value of electronegativity.
For example:
Sodium chloride is ionic compound. The electronegativity of chlorine is 3.16 and for sodium is 0.93. There is large difference is present. That's why electron from sodium is transfer to the chlorine. Sodium becomes positive and chlorine becomes negative ion.
Covalent bond:
It is formed by the sharing of electron pair between bonded atoms.
The atom with larger electronegativity attract the electron pair more towards it self and becomes partial negative while the other atom becomes partial positive.
For example:
In water the electronegativity of oxygen is 3.44 and hydrogen is 2.2. That's why electron pair attracted more towards oxygen, thus oxygen becomes partial negative and hydrogen becomes partial positive.
Carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and hydrocarbons
Carbon monoxide, CO, is a <em>poisonous gas</em>.
Nitrogen oxides (e.g. NO and NO_2) cause <em>smog and acid rain</em>.
Hydrocarbons (general formula C_xH_y) cause <em>smog</em>.
Answer:
118 mL
Explanation:
We can easily calculate the final volume of the solution (V₂) by applying the following mathematical expression:
V₁ x C₁ = V₂ x C₂
⇒ V₂ = V₁ x C₁/C₂
Given:
V₁ = 10 mL
C₁ = 0.65 M
C₂ = 0.055 M
We replace the data in the mathematical expression to calculate V₂:
V₂ = V₁ x C₁/C₂ = 10 ml x (0.65 M)/ (0.055 M) = 118.18 mL ≅ 118 mL
Wash them in a detergent solution at least 110 degrees Fahrenheit (43 degrees Celsius). Replace the water when the suds are gone or the water is dirty
Answer: 63.6 u
Explanation:
RAM = RAM of isotope-1 X (% abundance) + RAM of isotope-2 X (% abundance) ÷ 100
63 X 70% + 65 X 30% ÷ 100 = 63.6 u