The equilibrium membrane potential is 41.9 mV.
To calculate the membrane potential, we use the <em>Nernst Equation</em>:
<em>V</em>_Na = (<em>RT</em>)/(<em>zF</em>) ln{[Na]_o/[Na]_ i}
where
• <em>V</em>_Na = the equilibrium membrane potential due to the sodium ions
• <em>R</em> = the universal gas constant [8.314 J·K^(-1)mol^(-1)]
• <em>T</em> = the Kelvin temperature
• <em>z</em> = the charge on the ion (+1)
• <em>F </em>= the Faraday constant [96 485 C·mol^(-1) = 96 485 J·V^(-1)mol^(-1)]
• [Na]_o = the concentration of Na^(+) outside the cell
• [Na]_i = the concentration of Na^(+) inside the cell
∴ <em>V</em>_Na =
[8.314 J·K^(-1)mol^(-1) × 293.15 K]/[1 × 96 485 J·V^(-1)mol^(-1)] ln(142 mM/27 mM) = 0.025 26 V × ln5.26 = 1.66× 25.26 mV = 41.9 mV
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Answer:
H2 > N2 > Ar > CO2
Explanation:
Graham's law explains why some gases efuse faster than others. This is due to the difference i their molar mass. Generally; The rate of effusion of gaseous substances is inversely proportional to the square rot of its molar mass.
This means gases with low molar masses would have higher efusion rate compared to gases with higher molar masses.
So now we just need to compare the molar masses of the various gases;
Ar - 39.95
CO2 - 44.01
H2 - 2
N2 - 28.01
To obtain the order in increasing rate, we have to order the gases in decreasing molar mass. This order of increasing rate is given as;
H2 > N2 > Ar > CO2
Let initially there are 10 molecules of O2 and 3 molecules of C3H8 present
The reaction will be
C3H8(g) + 5O2(g) ----> 3CO2(g) + 4H2O
so here oxygen molecules are limiting as for 3 molecules of C3H8 we need 15 molecules of O2
now the given 10 molecules of O2 will react with only 2 molecules of C3H8 and they will form six molecules of CO2 and 8 molecules of H2O
Hence answer is
molecules of CO2 formed = 6
Molecules of H2O formed = 8
molecules of C3H8 left = 1
molecules of O2 left = 0
The crust
1. divergent (moves away from each other)
2. convergent (moves towards each other)
3. transform (slides past each other)
