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kramer
3 years ago
13

Given one mole of each substance, which of the following will produce the FEWEST particles in aqueous solution? 1. sodium nitrat

e 2. CH2Cl2 3. sodium phosphate 4. K2SO4
Chemistry
1 answer:
KonstantinChe [14]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

CH2Cl2 produces the fewest particles

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

1. sodium nitrate = NaNO3

2. CH2Cl2

3. sodium phosphate = Na3PO4

4. K2SO4

Step 2

NaNO3 → Na+ +NO3-

1. Sodium nitrate (NaNO3) dissociates into one Na^+ ion and one nitrate (NO3^-) ion. In total we have <u>2 particles</u>.

2. CH2Cl2 is a covalent compound, so, it doesn't dissociate. So, <u>one particle</u>.

3) Na3PO4 → 3Na+ + PO4^3-

Sodium phosphate (Na3PO4) is  an ionic compound. It dissociates into 3 Na^+ ions and 1 phosphate(PO4^-3) ion. In total, <u>4 particles. </u>

4) K2SO4 → 2K+ + SO4^2-

Because K2SO4 is an "ionic" compound, it dissociates into 2 K^+ ions, and one sulfate(SO4^-2) ion. So, <u>3 particles</u>.

CH2Cl2 produces only 1 particle so it has the fewest particles

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Answer: 15.1 grams

Given reaction:

Na2CO3 + Ca(OH)2 → 2NaOH + CaCO3

Mass of Na2CO3 = 20.0 g

Molar mass of Na2CO3 = 105.985 g/mol

# moles of Na2CO3 = 20/105.985 = 0.1887 moles

Based on the reaction stoichiometry: 1 mole of Na2CO3 produces 2 moles of NaOH

# moles of NaOH produced = 0.1887*2 = 0.3774 moles

Molar mass of NaOH = 22.989 + 15.999 + 1.008 = 39.996 g/mol

Mass of NaOH produced = 0.3774*39.996 = 15.09 grams

Explanation:

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When a 0.245-g sample of benzoic acid is combusted in a bomb calorimeter, the temperature rises 1.643 ∘C . When a 0.260-g sample
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Answer:

The heat of combustion per moles of caffeine is 4220 kJ/mol

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

⇒ When  benzoic acid sample of 0.245 grams is burned the temperature rise is 1.643 °C

⇒ When 0.260 gram of caffeine is burned, the temperature rise is 1.436 °C

⇒ Heat of combustion of benzoic acid = 26.38 kJ/g

<u>Step 2:</u> Calculate the heat released: for combustion of benzoic acid

0.245 g benzoic acid *  26.38 kJ/g = 6.4631 kJ

<u>Step 3</u>: Calculate the heat capacity of the calorimeter:

c = Q/ΔT

Q = 6.4631 kJ   / 1.643°C = 3.934 kJ/ °C

<u>Step 4:</u> Calculate moles of a 0.260 g sample of caffeine:

Moles caffeine = Mass caffeine / Molar mass caffeine

0.260 grams/ 194.19 g/mol  = 0.0013389 moles

Step 5: Calculate heat released: for combustion of caffeine

Q = c * ΔT

Q = 3.934 kJ/°C * 1.436 °C = 5.65 kJ

Step 6: Calculate the heat of combustion per mole of caffeine  

5.65 kJ  /  0.0013389 moles = 4219.9 kJ/mol  ≈ 4220 kJ/mol

The heat of combustion per moles of caffeine is 4220 kJ/mol

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3 years ago
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Hope this helps!
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