Answer:
Na has 2 valence electrons where Cl has six.
The lewis structure would be Na and Cl side by side, but make 8 dots around the Cl atom. Two on the top, bottom and each side of the Chlorine atom.
The significance of melting points are
- it gives us a idea about inter molecular force which binds the particles together.
- at melting point the solid and liquid states exist in equilibrium.
<h3>What is melting point?</h3>
The melting point is the temperature at which a given substance change its physical state from solid to liquid. At this point solids and liquids exist at equilibrium. Melting point of a substance depends on pressure. The melting point of ice increases when pressure decreases. Melting point of a substance decreases by the presence of impurities in it. so you increase or decrease the melting point on any substance by adding more impurities. Ionic bonds, shape and size of molecules are some other factors that affect the melting point.
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If you follow the octet rule, you know that an element must have 8 outside (or valence) electrons to be energetically favorable.
In CCl4, the carbon molecule forms four bonds; one for each chlorine atom. Each bond contains 2 electrons, so it is satisfied.
In PCl3, Phosphorous forms only 3 bonds with chlorine, which means in order to have 8 valence electrons, it also has a lone pair of electrons, not bonded with chlorine.
Now, in CCl4, picture the shape of the molecule like a plus sign, with the carbon in the middle and the chlorine at the four ends. It is symmetrical, and therefore is nonpolar.
In PCl3, the lone pair electrons <em>push</em>, so to speak, the 3 chlorine atoms away, making a T-shaped molecule. Since the chlorine is more electronegative than carbon, the molecule is unbalenced, making it polar.
A. loses electron, bc electrons are negatively charged, protons are positively charged, when electrons are lost, that means there are more protons more
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