The order of components in a typical flame atomic absorption spectrometer is hollow cathode lamp--flame--monochromator--detector
<u>Explanation:</u>
- The hollow cathode lamp practices a cathode created of the element of interest with a low internal pressure of inert gas.
- Remove scattered light of other wavelengths from the flame. AAS flame includes aiming at first the fuel than the oxidant and then lighting the flame with the instrument's auto-ignition system. Applying flame Ddtroy any analyte ions and breakdown complexes.
- The process of the monochromator is to divide analytical lines photons moving through the flame
- Photomultiplier tube (PMT) as the detector the PMT determines the intensity of photons of the analytical line exiting the monochromator.
A general equation for a combustion reaction would be expressed as follows:
CxHy + (x+y/2)O2 = xCO2 + y/2H2O
Propane would obviously would only have carbon and hydrogen in its structure. Assuming a complete combustion, all of the carbon atoms would go to carbon dioxide and all of the hydrogen atoms to water. To determine the empirical, we determine the number of carbon and hydrogen atoms present.
moles C = 2.461 g CO2 ( 1 mol / 44.01 g ) ( 1 mol C / 1 mol CO2 ) = 0.06 mol C
moles H = 1.442 g H2O ( 1 mol / 18.02 g ) ( 2 mol H / 1 mol H ) = 0.16 mol H
Then, we divide the smallest amount to the each mole of the atoms. We do as follows:
C = 0.06 / 0.06 = 1
H = 0.16 / 0.06 = 2.67
Then we multiply a number in order to obtain a whole number ratio between the atoms.
1 CH2.67
2 C2H5.34
3 C3H8 <-------- empirical formula
According to Arrhenius theory of acid and base, Acids are those substances which when dissolved in water produces protons, while, Bases are those substances which when dissolved in water produces Hydroxyl Ions.
Example of Arrhenius Bases:
NaOH ₍s₎ → Na⁺ ₍aq₎ + ⁻OH ₍aq₎
LiOH ₍s₎ → Li⁺ ₍aq₎ + ⁻OH ₍aq₎
Result:
The only negative ion produced in water when Arrhenius Base is dissolved is ⁻OH (Hydroxyl Ion).
CH2O2 formic acid I believe so
