Question

Acetylcholine is broken down to acetate and choline by an enzyme calledacetylcholinesterase. Low levels of acetylcholine in the brain is associated with neurodegenerative disease. Which of the following medications could be used to treat neurodegeneration associated with low acetylcholine levels?
a. A non-competitive inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase.
b. A compound with a similar structure to acetate.
c. A competitive inhibition of acetylcholine.
d. An allosteric activator of acetylcholinesterase.

Answer 1

Answer:

a. A non-competitive inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase.

Explanation:

The enzyme acetylcholinesterase breaks the molecule of acetylcholine, so to maintain the levels of this substance higher in the brain, the medication must act directly in the enzyme.

An enzyme can be inactivated by higher temperatures, changes in pH and changes in the osmotic pressure, but these things would probably damage other enzymes in the brain. So, the medication must be an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. It would be selective and would stop the actions of the enzyme.

But, this inhibitor can't be competitive because if this happens, it would break the acetylcholine, and wouldn't solve the problem.