How many electrons are in the valence d orbitals in these transition-metal ions??

What is the empirical formula for a compound that is 83.7% carbon and 16.3% hydrogen?

zubka84 [21]

Hello!

We use the amount in grams (mass ratio) based on the composition of the elements, see: (in 100 g solution)

C: 83.7% = 83,7 g
H: 16.3% = 16.3 g

Let us use the above mentioned data (in g) and values will be converted to amount of substance (number of moles) by dividing by molecular mass (g / mol) each of the values, lets see:

$C: \dfrac{83.7\:\diagup\!\!\!\!\!g}{12\:\diagup\!\!\!\!\!g/mol} \approx 6.975\:mol$

$H: \dfrac{16.3\:\diagup\!\!\!\!\!g}{1\:\diagup\!\!\!\!\!g/mol} = 16.3\:mol$

We note that the values found above are not integers, so let's divide these values by the smallest of them, so that the proportion is not changed, let's see:

$C: \dfrac{6.975}{6.975} = 1$

$H: \dfrac{16.3}{6.975} \approx 2.3$

Note: So the ratio in the smallest whole numbers of carbon to hydrogen is 3:7, t<span>hus, the minimum or empirical formula found for the compound will be:
</span>
$\boxed{\boxed{C_3H_7}}\end{array}}\qquad\checkmark$

I hope this helps. =)

8 0

3 years ago

How many electrons are in the n = 2 shell of a magnesium atom?

Montano1993 [528]

Answer:

eight

Explanation:

That means there are 12 electrons in a magnesium atom

hope this helps

8 0

3 years ago

What is an Ore? ufhfjfnf

Leya [2.2K]

Answer:

ore is naturally occuring solid material from which a metal or valuable mineral can be extracted

profitably.

3 0

3 years ago

The advantage of asexual reproduction is.

Nataly_w [17]

B. reproduction doesn’t require mate

6 0

4 years ago

Calculate the pH of each of the following solutions: (a) 0.1000M Propanoic acid (HC3H5O2, Ka= 1.3x10-5 ) (b) 0.1000M sodium prop

jek_recluse [69]

(a) The pH of 0.1000 M propanoic acid (HC3H5O2) is 2.9.

(b) The pH of 0.1000 M sodium propanoate (NaC3H5O2) is 8.9.

(c) The pH of 0.1000 M propanoic acid (HC3H5O2) and 0.1000 M sodium propanoate (NaC3H5O2) is 4.9.

<h3>Further explanation:</h3>

(a)

Given information:

The value of acid ionization constant for propanoic acid is 1.3 x $10^{-5}$ .

The initial concentration of propanoic acid is .

To calculate:

The pH of 0.1000 M propanoic acid solution.

Solution:

Propanoic acid is a weak acid. It ionizes partially in water as follows:

The expression for acid dissociation constant is,

…… (1)

Here,

is ionization constant of propanoic acid.

is the equilibrium concentration of propanoate ion.

is the equilibrium concentration of hydronium ion.

is the equilibrium concentration of propanoic acid.

ICE table (1):

Refer ICE table (1),

Substitute the values form the ICE table (1) in equation (1).

The approximation x is very small is valid. Therefore, the value of x can be neglected. Above equation can be modified as,

Rearrange above equation for x.

…… (2)

Substitute for in equation (2) to calculate the value of x.

Therefore, from the ICE table (1) the concentration of hydronium ion is,

.

The negative logarithm of hydronium ion concentration is defined as the pH of the solution. Mathematically,

…… (3)

Substitute for in equation (3) to calculate the pH of the solution.

(b)

Given information:

The value of acid ionization constant for propanoic acid is .

The initial concentration of sodium propanoate is .

To calculate:

The pH of 0.1000 M sodium propanoate solution.

Solution:

Sodium propanoate is conjugate base of weak propanoic acid. It undergoes hydrolysis in water to yield hydroxide ion in the solution as follows:

…… (4)

Propanoic acid is a weak acid. It ionizes partially in water as follows:

…… (5)

Dissociation reaction for water is written as follows:

…… (6)

From equation (4), (5), and (6) the relationship between and is,

…… (7)

Substitute for and for in equation (7).

ICE table (2):

The expression for base dissociation constant is,

…… (8)

Here,

is base ionization constant.

is the equilibrium concentration of propanoate ion.

is the equilibrium concentration of hydroxide ion.

is the equilibrium concentration of propanoic acid.

From the ICE table (2),

Substitute the values form the ICE table (2) in equation (8).

The approximation y is very small is valid. Therefore, the value of y can be neglected. Above equation can be modified as,

Rearrange above equation for y.

…… (9)

Substitute for in equation (9) to calculate the value of y.

Therefore, from the ICE table (2) the concentration of hydroxide ion is,

The negative logarithm of hydroxide ion concentration is defined as pOH of the solution. Mathematically,

…… (10)

Substitute for in equation (10) to calculate pOH of the solution.

The relation between pH and pOH is as follows:

…… (11)

Substitute 5.057 for pOH in equation (11) to calculate the pH of the solution.

(c)

Given information:

The value of acid ionization constant for propanoic acid is .

The initial concentration of sodium propanoate is .

To calculate:

The pH of 0.1000 M sodium propanoate and 0.1000 M propanoic acid solution.

Solution:

Propanoic acid is a weak acid, and sodium propanoate is salt of the conjugate base of propanoic acid. Thus, propanoic acid and sodium propanoate will form a buffer system.

The pH of the buffer solution can be determined with the help of the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. Mathematically,

For propanoic acid and sodium propanoate buffer system, the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation can be modified as,

…… (12)

The negative logarithm of acid ionization constant is equal to .

…… (13)

Substitute for in equation (13).

Substitute for , for and 4.9 for in equation (12).

Learn more:

1. About Henderson-Hasselbalch equation brainly.com/question/12999557

2. Learn more about how to calculate moles of the base in given volume brainly.com/question/4283309

Answer details:

Grade: Senior School

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Ionic equilibria

Keywords: ionic equilibrium, propanoic acid, sodium propanoate, ionization constant, weak acid, conjugate base, equilibrium concentration, hydronium ion, hydroxide ion, pH, pOH, ICE table, negative logarithm, buffer solution, Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, 0.1000 M, 4.9, 8.9, 2.9.

3 0

4 years ago

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