Changes in matter occur every day. There are two types of ways matter can be altered; physically and chemically. Physical changes do not change the composition of the matter while chemical changes occur when one or more substances turn into a completely new substance. Physical changes can be seen through an altering of the substances physical property. A substances physical property is observed and measured without changing the composition of the subject. Descriptive words that would help to identify a substance’s physical property include hard, soft, brittle, flexible, heavy, and light just to name a few. Let’s say you’re eating, throughout the day your stomach starts to growl that is what happens when your stomach is digesting your food. Digestion is an example of chemical change. Chemical change happens every day and more than half the time we don’t realize it whether it’s metal starting to rust, or our food starting to rot. Physical change can happen when your popsicle starts to melt, or your water starting starting to boil. These are examples of physical change.
The characteristic of the compound you are referring is essential to where on the functional groups it belong. Furthermore, the basic functional groups among the hydrocarbons are: alkane, alkene, alkyne, benzene, and others that basically has a hydrogen atom and a carbon atom.
Biotic and abiotic factors are the environmental conditions that the organisms have to face to live in a specified environment.
-Abiotic factors-
Abiotic factors are the physical and chemical conditions of an environment. For example : heat, salinity, pressure, light, wind, pH ...
-Biotic factors-
Biotic factors are all the biological conditions of an environment for a specie/taxa. It can include prey and predator abundance, available food amount, available space, intra and interspecific competition...
The development of organims is under the control of abiotic factors. Some are adapted to heat, cold etc ... The abiotic factors will define which organisms are able or not to live in a specified place.
The living organisms will constitute the biotic factors, which define if and how can an organism live in a specified environment.
So, the abiotic factors are controling the biotic factors of an environment.
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Rutherford theorized that atoms have their charge concentrated in a very small nucleus.
This was famous Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment: he bombarded thin foil of gold with positive alpha particles (helium atom particles, consist of two protons and two neutrons).
Rutherford observed the deflection of alpha particles on the photographic film and notice that most of alpha particles passed straight through foil.
That is different from Plum Pudding model, because it shows that most of the atom is empty space.
According to Rutherford model of the atom:
1) Atoms have their charge concentrated in a very small nucleus.
2) Major space in an atom is empty.
3) Atoms nucleus is surrounded by negatively charged particles called electrons.
4) An atom is electrically neutral.
