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Annette [7]
3 years ago
13

Which metal atoms can form ionic bonds by losing electrons from both the outermost and next to outermost principal energy levels

?
Chemistry
1 answer:
RoseWind [281]3 years ago
5 0

Full question options;

(Fe, Pb, Mg, or Ca)

Answer:

Iron - Fe

Explanation:

We understand tht metals pretty much form bonds by losing their valence (outermost electrons). But this question specifically asks for metals that lose beyond their outermost electrons; next to outermost principal energy levels.

Pb, Mg, and Ca only lose their outermost electrons to form the following ions;

Pb2+, Mg2+, and Ca2+.

This is because their ions have achieved a stable octet configuration - the dreamland of atoms where they are satisfied and don't need to go into reactions again.

Iron on the other hand has the following electronic configurations;

Fe:  [Ar]4s2 3d6

Fe2+:  [Ar]4s0 3d6

Fe3+:  [Ar]4s0 3d5

This means ion can lose both the ooutermost electrons (4s) and next to outermost principal energy levels (3d). So correct option is Iron.

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4.33 g of 3-hexanol were obtained from 5.84 g of hex-3-ene. Determine the percentage yield of 3-hexanol. a Determine the moles o
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<u>Answer:</u> The amount of hex-3-ene used is 0.0711 moles and the percent yield of 3-hexanol is 59.56 %

<u>Explanation:</u>

To calculate the number of moles, we use the equation:

\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}     .....(1)

Given mass of hex-3-ene = 5.84 g

Molar mass of hex-3-ene = 82.14 g/mol

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

\text{Moles of hex-3-ene}=\frac{5.84g}{82.14/mol}=0.0711mol

The chemical equation for the conversion of hex-3-ene to 3-hexanol follows:

\text{hex-3-ene}+H_2O\xrightarrow []{10\% H_2SO_4} \text{3-hexanol}

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

1 mole of hex-3-ene produces 1 mole of 3-hexanol

So, 0.0711 moles of hex-3-ene will produce = \frac{1}{1}\times 0.0711=0.0711mol of 3-hexanol

Now, calculating the mass of 3-hexanol from equation 1, we get:

Molar mass of 3-hexanol = 102.2 g/mol

Moles of 3-hexanol = 0.0711 moles

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

0.0711mol=\frac{\text{Mass of 3-hexanol}}{102.2g/mol}\\\\\text{Mass of 3-hexanol}=(0.0711mol\times 102.2g/mol)=7.27g

To calculate the percentage yield of 3-hexanol, we use the equation:

\%\text{ yield}=\frac{\text{Experimental yield}}{\text{Theoretical yield}}\times 100

Experimental yield of 3-hexanol = 4.33 g

Theoretical yield of 3-hexanol = 7.27 g

Putting values in above equation, we get:

\%\text{ yield of 3-hexanol}=\frac{4.33g}{7.27g}\times 100\\\\\% \text{yield of 3-hexanol}=59.56\%

Hence, the amount of hex-3-ene used is 0.0711 moles and the percent yield of 3-hexanol is 59.56 %

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