They are kind of opposite processes. Chemical synthesis is execution of chemical reactions to make products. Like you take two substances, you put them together, they react and you have new a substance. For example.

here Sodium and Chlorine react to make a new substance which is Sodium Chloride.
Chemical decomposition is process of seperating a substance to different substances. There is a substance by a reaction this substance becomes two substances, Like : XY -> X+Y For example :
I'm not exactly sure which one but I do know that an acid and a base react in a aqueous solution to form water, so i would probably eliminate the ones that aren't aqueous solutions.
Hello,
A physical change describes a change that does physically and does not display “chemical” signs which are signs that indicate a precipitate being formed, change in color, density, or producing gas, etc. “Tearing a piece of paper in half” is a physical change because like I said earlier it doesn’t show any chemical change signs. I hope this helps you out!