Question

Please help I don't know how to answer these questions!

Answer 1

1) The potential energy is the most at the highest position and the least at the equilibrium position

2) The kinetic energy is the most at the equilibrium position and  the least at the highest position

Explanation:

1)

The potential energy of an object is the energy possessed by the object due to its position in a gravitational field; mathematically, it is given by

$PE=mgh$

where

m is the mass of the object

g is the strength of the gravitational field

h is the height of the object relative to the ground

For the pendulum in this problem, m is the mass of the bob, and h is the height of the above relative to the ground. We see from the formula that the potential energy is directly proportional to the height:

$PE\propto h$

This means that:

• The potential energy is the most when the bob is at the highest position
• The potential energy is the least when the bob is at the equilibrium position,  which is the lowest position

2)

We can solve this part by applying the law of conservation of energy: in fact, the total mechanical energy of the pendulum (sum of potential and kinetic energy) is constant at any time during the motion,

$E=KE+PE=const.$

where KE is the kinetic energy.

From the equation above, we observe that:

• When PE is maximum, KE must be at minimum
• When PE is minimum, KE must be maximum

Therefore, this implies that:

• The kinetic energy is the most when the potential energy is the least, i.e. at the equilibrium position
• The kinetic energy is the least when the potential energy is the most, i.e. at the highest position

Learn more about kinetic and potential energy:

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