Assume positive charges
directions outwards from source points like field lines of two repelling magnets
Answer:
Usually give off heat energy
Explanation:
Exergonic reactions are the ones which are spontaneous. Spontaneous reactions are indicated by the negative change in the Gibbs free energy. In order to provide characteristics for an exergonic reaction, we need to define the Gibbs free energy in terms of the enthalpy change and the entropy change:
Here:
is the enthalpy change;
is the entropy change;
is the absolute temperature.
In order to achieve a negative value in the Gibbs free energy change, we should have:
This is true for all temperatures if:
The major term here is the change in enthalpy, notice that we wish the enthalpy change to be negative.
Negative enthalpy change corresponds to an exothermic reaction, the one which releases heat. This means exergonic reactions would usually give off heat.
Acid A, assuming the two acids have the same pH. The M stands for molarity which is how concentrated a substance is (basically the higher the molarity the more concentrated the acid is). However, pH refers to how acidic a substance is. If the two acids have different levels of acidity, the answer may be different.
Answer:
Yes
Explanation:
A single covalent bond forms when two atoms share one pair of electrons.
Covalent bonds are formed between two or more atoms having zero or very small electronegativity difference. Such bonds exists between molecules of non-metals.
- To form a covalent bond, each of the two participating atoms would put down an unpaired electron.
- The unpaired electrons form a shared pair of electrons between them.
- This shared pair of electrons constitutes the electron cloud that binds the two atoms together.
- The shared pair of electron is the covalent bond.
N2(g) + 3H2(g) =2NH3(g)
Number of moles of reactants > product...
Therfore if pressure is increased.
Equilibrium is disturbed according to LCP....
Equilibrium shift to the right (product)
......
If you want to understant the fundamental concept:
Take for example 2A + 3B = 4C
Reactant: 5 moles (5 volumes)
Product: 4 moles (4 volumes)
When pressure of a gas is increased, volume decreases!
(Vice-versa)
If pressure is increased, volume decreases. Hence number of collisions INCREASES(constrain). Equilibrium shifts in such a direction so as to decrease the number of collision accordinf to LCP...
This happens when number of paeticles decreases as equilibrium shift forward because the forward reaction is accompanied by a decrease in number of particles (5 to 4)
