An electromagnetic wave of a frequency between about 104<span> and 10</span>11<span> or 10</span>12<span> Hz, as used for long-distance communication</span>
Answer: 2 diodes
Explanation:
Given : In proof testing of circuit boards, the probability that any particular diode will fail is 0.01.
The number of diodes contained by circuit board = 200
Then , the expected number of diodes to fail is given by :-

Therefore, there are 2 diodes that we will expect to fail.
We can solve the problem by using the first law of thermodynamics:

where
is the variation of internal energy of the system
Q is the heat added to the system
W is the work done by the system
In this problem, the variation of internal energy of the system is

While the heat added to the system is

therefore, the work done by the system is
