The answer is number 4 or the exchange of energy with the surroundings. Calorimetry is a measurement of energy that is formed or absorbed in a certain process. The calorimeter is the instrument used in order to measure the energy. It is recommended that a calorimeter should be a closed system so as to measure precisely the energy and avoid or lessen the exchange of energy with the surroundings. Thus, comparing an open ceramic mug and an insulated mug with a lid, the greatest difference is the energy lost to the surroundings.
Chemical properties include reactivity with other elements of substances, toxicity, flammability, and chemical stability
just to name a few
The question is incomplete but i will try to offer as much help as i can.
Answer:
See explanation
Explanation:
The electron was discovered by J.J Thompson. His model of the atom was called the plum-pudding model of the atom.
He discovered that cathode rays being negatively charged particles were deflected by a magnet in just the same way as moving, negative electrically charged particles.
Similarly, in an electric field, they are deflected towards the positive plate of the electrostatic field which shows that they are negatively charged.
