Resonance, leaving group, carbonyl carbon delta+, and steric effect is the most crucial variables that affect the relative reactivity of a functional group containing a carbonyl in an addition or substitution process.
Discussion:
1. Carbonyl Carbon Delta+: The carbonyl group becomes more electrophilic and accelerates nucleophilic assault when the carbonyl carbon delta+ is bigger.
2. Resonance: When the carbonyl is transformed into the tetrahedral adduct, it may be lost. Loss of resonance increases the energy of the transition state for this nucleophilic assault because resonance has the function of stabilizing. Therefore, a carbonyl functional group's resistance to nucleophilic attack increases as resonance in the group increases in importance.
3. Leaving group: Tetrahedral adduct fragmentation is encouraged by a better LG.
4. Steric effects: The nucleophilic attack on carbonyl carbon is delayed when sterically impeded.
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Answer:
The correct answer is CaO > LiBr > KI.
Explanation:
Lattice energy is directly proportional to the charge and is inversely proportional to the size. The compound LiBr comprises Li+ and Br- ions, KI comprises K+ and I- ions, and CaO comprise Ca²⁺ and O²⁻ ions.
With the increase in the charge, there will be an increase in lattice energy. In the given case, the lattice energy of CaO will be the highest due to the presence of +2 and -2 ions. K⁺ ions are larger than Li⁺ ion, and I⁻ ions are larger than Br⁻ ion.
The distance between Li⁺ and Br⁻ ions in LiBr is less in comparison to the distance between K⁺ and I⁻ ions in KI. As a consequence, the lattice energy of LiBr is greater than KI. Therefore, CaO exhibits the largest lattice energy, while KI the smallest.
Answer:
6.75 × 10⁻⁸is the value of the equilibrium constant at this temperature.
Explanation:
2H₂O(g) ⇄ 2H₂(g) + O₂(g)
Partial pressure of H₂O = 0.0500 atm
Partial pressure of H₂ = 0.00150 atm
Partial pressure of O₂ = 0.00150 atm
The expression of Kp for the given chemical equation is:
![K_p = \frac{[H_2]^2[O_2]}{H_2O}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=K_p%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B%5BH_2%5D%5E2%5BO_2%5D%7D%7BH_2O%7D)

6.75 × 10⁻⁸is the value of the equilibrium constant at this temperature