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PtichkaEL [24]
3 years ago
13

White phosphorus is composed of tetrahedral molecules of P4 in which every P atom is connected to three other P atoms. In the Le

wis structure of P4, there are 1. 6 bonding pairs and 4 lone pairs of electrons. 2. 6 bonding pairs and no lone pairs of electrons. 3. 5 bonding pairs and 4 lone pairs of electrons. 4. 3 bonding pairs and 4 lone pairs of electrons. 5. 6 bonding pairs and 2 lone pairs of electrons.

Chemistry
1 answer:
Dmitrij [34]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

In the Lewis structure of P4 there are 6 bonding pairs and 4 lone pairs of electrons.

Explanation:

The structure of tetrahedral molecule of P4 is provided below.

Each phosphorus atom has 5 valence electrons out of which 3 electrons involve in bonding and the rest 2 electrons exist as a lone pair that does not involve in bonding.Hence each phosphorus atom has one lone pair.In P4 molecule there are phosphorus atoms and hence 4 lone pairs in total.

As you can see in the figure, each phosphorus atom is bonded to the other three atoms.A bond is formed when two atoms share one electron each and the pair is called bonding pair.

From the figure we can see that there are 6 bonds in total.Each bond consist of one bonding pair of electrons and hence in total there are 6 bonding pairs of electrons.

Hence in a P4 molecule there are six bonding pairs and 4 lone pairs of electrons.

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Resonance, leaving group, carbonyl carbon delta+, and steric effect is the most crucial variables that affect the relative reactivity of a functional group containing a carbonyl in an addition or substitution process.

Discussion:

1. Carbonyl Carbon Delta+: The carbonyl group becomes more electrophilic and accelerates nucleophilic assault when the carbonyl carbon delta+ is bigger.

2. Resonance: When the carbonyl is transformed into the tetrahedral adduct, it may be lost. Loss of resonance increases the energy of the transition state for this nucleophilic assault because resonance has the function of stabilizing. Therefore, a carbonyl functional group's resistance to nucleophilic attack increases as resonance in the group increases in importance.

3. Leaving group: Tetrahedral adduct fragmentation is encouraged by a better LG.

4. Steric effects: The nucleophilic attack on carbonyl carbon is delayed when sterically impeded.

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Arrange the compounds in order of decreasing magnitude of lattice energy:
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Answer:

The correct answer is CaO > LiBr > KI.

Explanation:

Lattice energy is directly proportional to the charge and is inversely proportional to the size. The compound LiBr comprises Li+ and Br- ions, KI comprises K+ and I- ions, and CaO comprise Ca²⁺ and O²⁻ ions.  

With the increase in the charge, there will be an increase in lattice energy. In the given case, the lattice energy of CaO will be the highest due to the presence of +2 and -2 ions. K⁺ ions are larger than Li⁺ ion, and I⁻ ions are larger than Br⁻ ion.  

The distance between Li⁺ and Br⁻ ions in LiBr is less in comparison to the distance between K⁺ and I⁻ ions in KI. As a consequence, the lattice energy of LiBr is greater than KI. Therefore, CaO exhibits the largest lattice energy, while KI the smallest.  

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3 years ago
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The elementary reaction 2 H 2 O ( g ) − ⇀ ↽ − 2 H 2 ( g ) + O 2 ( g ) proceeds at a certain temperature until the partial pressu
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Answer:

6.75 × 10⁻⁸is the value of the equilibrium constant at this temperature.

Explanation:

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Partial pressure of H₂O = 0.0500 atm

Partial pressure of H₂ = 0.00150 atm

Partial pressure of O₂ = 0.00150 atm

The expression of Kp for the given chemical equation is:

K_p = \frac{[H_2]^2[O_2]}{H_2O}

= \frac{(0.00150^2)(0.00150)}{(0.0500)} \\= 6.75 * 10^-^8

6.75 × 10⁻⁸is the value of the equilibrium constant at this temperature

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