The three of them have the same amount of electrons, so we can’t determine the right one on that ground. As you might know, Pauli said that electrons are always in the position of the lowest energy. So the first situation is impossible because there is a free place available that takes less energy. Then the 3rd situation is nor possible because if one electron has a different spin than the others, there is a magnetic obstruction that be prevented if the spin changes. This means that the second situation is the right one.
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<em>Thermal energy</em> is the sum of the kinetic and potential energies of all the particles in an object.
Assume that you have 250 gL of water and 1 kg of water at the same temperature.
Then, each water molecule has the same kinetic energy.
The larger sample contains four times as many molecules, so it contains four times as much thermal energy.
Thus, thermal energy is directly proportional to mass.
In symbols, <em>KE </em>∝ <em>m</em> or <em>KE = km</em>.
The graph of a direct proportion is a <em>straight line passing trough the origin</em>.
It should look something like the graph below.
