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Wittaler [7]
3 years ago
15

Which of the following combinations will result in a reaction that is spontaneous at all temperatures?

Chemistry
2 answers:
Katen [24]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

\huge\boxed{Option \ 2}

Explanation:

A reaction is spontaneous at all temperatures by the following combinations:

=> A negative enthalpy change ( \triangle H < 0 )

=> A positive entropy change ( \triangle S > 0 )

See the attached file for more better understanding!

igomit [66]3 years ago
6 0

from Gibbs Equation, \Delta G = \Delta H - T\Delta S

reaction is spontaneous if $\Delta G$ is negative.

so, first option is not valid at high temperature, ($-h+ts$)

second, is always a spontaneous reaction, ($-h-ts$)

third, is never spontaneous ($+h+ts$)

4th is similar to second, spontaneous at higher temperatures ($+h-ts$)

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list 10 chemical reactions that have benefited your life today. Include the reasons you think each was indeed a chemical reactio
Dennis_Churaev [7]

1) The overall balanced photosynthesis reaction:  

6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂.

Plants convert solar energy into the chemical energy of sugars (food).

2) Chemical reaction of cellular respiration:  

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O.

Organic carbon (glucose) is transformed into inorganic carbon (carbon dioxide) that goes into atmosphere.

3) Gasoline combustion:

C₈H₁₈ + 25/2O₂ → 8CO₂ + 9H₂O.

Gasoline is a mixture of many different hydrocarbons: alkanes (paraffins), cycloalkanes and alkenes (olefins).

Gasoline is being burn.

4) Balanced chemical reaction of forming rust: 4Fe + 3O₂ → 2Fe₂O₃.

Forming rust usually last for few months and iron changing in another substance with different properties.

5) An electrochemical cell (voltaic or galvanic cell) is generating electrical energy from chemical reactions.  

In galvanic cell, specie (for example zinc and zinc cations) from one half-cell, lose electrons (oxidation) and species from the other half-cell (for example copper and copper cations) gain electrons (reduction).  

Oxidation on the zinc anode: Zn(s) → Zn²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻.

Reduction on the copper cathode: Cu²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → Cu(s).

Copper is forming from the solution, that is chemical change.

6) Balanced chemical reaction: CaO + H₂O → Ca(OH)₂.

Making limewater  (diluted solution of calcium hydroxide).

7) Neutralization is reaction in which an acid and a base react quantitatively with each other. In this reaction, there are no acids and bases, only salts.

Balanced chemical reaction of vinegar and antacid:

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Precipation is formed.

8) Balanced chemical reaction of magnesium and hydrochloric acid:

MgO + 2HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂O(g).

Acid dissolves metal oxides.

9) Chemical reaction of silver in air:

4Ag + 2H₂S + O₂ → 2Ag₂S (tarnish) + 2H₂O.

Silver change color in the air.

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4 0
3 years ago
What do chemists use percent yield calculations for in the real world?
STALIN [3.7K]

Answer:

C. To determine how efficient reactions are.

D. To determine how much reactant they need.

Explanation:

When you are doing a reaction, you are hoping for a percent yield to close of 100%. You make the reaction and determine how many product you obtain. If you know the percent yield of a reaction you can calculate the amount of reactant you need to obtain a determined amount of product.

Having this in mind:

A. To balance the reaction equation.  false. To calculate percent yield you need to balance the reaction before. You don't use percent yield to balance the reaction

B. To determine how much product they will need.  false. You determine how much product you obtain after the reaction. How much product you need is independent of percent yield

C. To determine how efficient reactions are.  true. A way to determine efficience of a reaction is with percent yield. An efficient reaction has a high percent yield.

D. To determine how much reactant they need. true. If you know percent yield of a reaction you can know how many reactant you must add to obtain  the amount of product you want.

8 0
2 years ago
What experimental observations indicate a chemical change is taking place?
Anestetic [448]
A chemical change is characterized of the formation of new substances or a chemical reaction. There are a number of observations that we can see if this type of change happens. One would be the formation of gas bubbles, this indicates that one of the products is a gas. Another observation would be a formation of a precipitate in the solution, it would indicate that the new solid formed is not soluble in the solution. A permanent color change in the solution would also indicate a chemical change because it may be that the new substance that is formed has its own distinct color when in solution. 
6 0
3 years ago
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Anvisha [2.4K]

Answer:

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Explanation:

8 0
3 years ago
What is the pH of 1.0M HI solution?
ozzi

Answer:

0

Explanation:

Since HI is a strong acid, the amoung of Hydrogen ions produced by it will be the same molar as the reactant. The negative log of the concentration will reveal that the pH is 0.

7 0
3 years ago
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